An epidemiological model for diabetes mellitus in the United States: five major complications.
An epidemiological model for diabetes mellitus in the United States: five major complications.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0168-8227(85)80009-7
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发表时间：
1985-10
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
R. Mazze;R. Mazze;P. Sinnock;P. Sinnock;L. Deeb;L. Deeb;Jerry L. Brimberry;Jerry L. Brimberry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Mazze;R. Mazze;P. Sinnock;P. Sinnock;L. Deeb;L. Deeb;Jerry L. Brimberry;Jerry L. Brimberry
糖尿病每年影响近550万美国人。估计另有500万人可能患有糖尿病，但仍未被发现。糖尿病患者发生微血管和大血管疾病、糖尿病昏迷和妊娠不良结局的风险很高。在美国，这些并发症的发生率现在可以部分确定。对于5种潜在可预防的并发症（视网膜病变、妊娠不良结局、血管疾病、肾病和糖尿病昏迷），现在可以计算发病率和死亡率。目前有50，000例因糖尿病而失明的病例，每年新增5800例。每年有超过18，000例分娩发生糖尿病妊娠的不良结局，其中多达4500例相关围产儿死亡。每年有40，000名糖尿病患者需要进行下肢截肢。在已经接受截肢手术的7万名糖尿病患者中，今年将有2.5万人死亡。终末期肾病每年影响4000名糖尿病患者。在同一时期，现有的7500例终末期肾病病例中，2000例将导致死亡病例。糖尿病昏迷（DKA和HHNK）每年有67，400例住院治疗，并导致3600例死亡。在美国，这些并发症和与心血管疾病相关的并发症一起导致了323，000例糖尿病死亡，糖尿病是潜在或促成原因。
Diabetes mellitus affects almost 5.5 million Americans each year. An estimated additional 5 million individuals may have diabetes, but remain undetected. Individuals with diabetes are at high risk for the development of micro- and macrovascular disease, diabetic coma and adverse outcome of pregnancy. The rate at which these complications develop are now partially identifiable for the United States. For 5 potentially preventable complications (retinopathy, adverse outcome of pregnancy, vascular disease, nephropathy and diabetic coma) the morbidity and mortality rates can now be calculated. There exist 50,000 cases of blindness due to diabetes with an additional 5800 new cases each year. Adverse outcome of diabetic pregnancy occurs in over 18,000 births each year, with as many as 4500 related perinatal deaths. Each year 40,000 diabetics are required to have a lower extremity amputation. Of the already 70,000 diabetics who have had an amputation, 25,000 will die this year. End stage renal disease affects 4000 diabetics each year. During the same time period, of the 7500 existing cases of end stage renal disease, 2000 will result in mortality cases. Diabetic coma (DKA and HHNK) accounts for 67,400 hospitalizations and results in 3600 deaths each year. Together these complications and those associated with cardiovascular disease account for 323,000 deaths with diabetes as the underlying or contributing cause in the United States.