Conclusion: recommendations and findings of the RED SEED working group
Conclusion: recommendations and findings of the RED SEED working group
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结论：RED SEED 工作组的建议和调查结果
DOI：
10.1144/sp426.11
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通讯作者：
J. Kauahika
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作者：
J. L. Harris;S. Carn;J. Dehn;C. Del Negro;M. T. Guðmundsson;B. Cordonnier;T. Barnie;E. Chahi;S. Calvari;T. Catry;T. De Groeve;D. Coppola;A. Davies;M. Favalli;F. Ferrucci;E. Fujita;G. Ganci;F. Garel;M. T. Gudmundsson;P. Huet;J. Kauahika
RED SEED 代表喷发灾害期间的风险评估、检测和模拟，并将来自遥感、建模和响应社区的利益相关者与跟踪火山喷发事件方面的经验结合起来。该小组于 2013 年 5 月 28 日至 30 日在克莱蒙费朗（法国）举行的为期三天的研讨会上首次举行会议。每天都会进行演示，回顾以下方面的最新技术：(a) 火山热点检测和参数化、(b) 可操作的基于卫星的热点检测系统、(c) 熔岩流建模和 (d) 喷发危机期间的响应协议。在每个演示集结束时，四个小组退下来讨论并报告真正集成和可操作的响应的要求，在激烈的危机期间将远程传感器、建模者和响应者令人满意地结合起来。这里给出了最终报告的整理结果以及自研讨会以来一直在进行的后续讨论。我们可以将我们的讨论简化为四个主要发现。(1) 热点检测工具可以运行，并且能够在 15 分钟内提供热情的喷发开始通知。(2) 还可以高度可信地提供光谱辐射度指标。然而，如果我们要实现真正的全球系统，需要安装更多的本地接收站，并在现场实时运行热点检测和数据处理模块。（3）模型可以运行，但需要实时输入可靠的时间平均放电率数据，并定期更新数字高程模型才能有效；后者可以由雷达/摄影测量界提供。(4) 需要遵循集成方法并使用已被响应当局验证并认可为值得信赖的模型，以商定的标准格式提供信息。所有这一切都需要一个基于共同所有权和相互信任理念的复杂且集中的数据收集、分发和报告中心。虽然下一章将进行练习来探索最后一点的可行性，但这些发现背后的详细建议将在此处详细介绍。
RED SEED stands for Risk Evaluation, Detection and Simulation during Effusive Eruption Disasters, and combines stakeholders from the remote sensing, modelling and response communities with experience in tracking volcanic effusive events. The group first met during a three day-long workshop held in Clermont Ferrand (France) between 28 and 30 May 2013. During each day, presentations were given reviewing the state of the art in terms of (a) volcano hot spot detection and parameterization,(b) operational satellite-based hot spot detection systems,(c) lava flow modelling and (d) response protocols during effusive crises. At the end of each presentation set, the four groups retreated to discuss and report on requirements for a truly integrated and operational response that satisfactorily combines remote sensors, modellers and responders during an effusive crisis. The results of collating the final reports, and follow-up discussions that have been on-going since the workshop, are given here. We can reduce our discussions to four main findings.(1) Hot spot detection tools are operational and capable of providing effusive eruption onset notice within 15 min.(2) Spectral radiance metrics can also be provided with high degrees of confidence. However, if we are to achieve a truly global system, more local receiving stations need to be installed with hot spot detection and data processing modules running on-site and in real time.(3) Models are operational, but need real-time input of reliable time-averaged discharge rate data and regular updates of digital elevation models if they are to be effective; the latter can be provided by the radar/photogrammetry community.(4) Information needs to be provided in an agreed and standard format following an ensemble approach and using models that have been validated and recognized as trustworthy by the responding authorities. All of this requires a sophisticated and centralized data collection, distribution and reporting hub that is based on a philosophy of joint ownership and mutual trust. While the next chapter carries out an exercise to explore the viability of the last point, the detailed recommendations behind these findings are detailed here.