Spontaneous recovery of muscle following partial denervation.
Spontaneous recovery of muscle following partial denervation.
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部分去神经支配后肌肉的自发恢复。
DOI：
10.1152/ajplegacy.1946.145.4.587
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发表时间：
1946
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Edds
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Weiss;M. Edds
材料和方法。所有实验均使用白鼠（150-300 克）的坐骨神经丛进行。在负责坐骨神经的脊神经中，L5 通常是最强的并且大小相当恒定。 L4 和 LG 分别由坐骨丛、腰丛和阴部丛共享，并且它们的贡献变化更大。对动物进行手术和活检。为了抵消腰神经的大小变化，选择了成对的动物，其中三个根对坐骨神经丛的相对贡献相似。通过从第三腰椎到第三骶椎的旁正中切口接近神经丛，切断腹部肌肉与腰背筋膜和髂骨的附着。通过分离髂肌和腰大肌的纤维并向背侧回缩髂骨，暴露整个左骶神经丛，而无需去除任何骨骼或肌肉组织。然后对选定的神经进行识别、横切并用甲基丙烯酸甲酯的丙酮溶液加盖以防止再生（Edds，1945）。在一些动物中，通过切断膝盖处的腓神经，使部分去神经的足底伸肌失去了背屈肌的拮抗作用。术后8至120天对动物进行活组织检查。在戊巴比妥麻醉下，通过肌电图确定手术腿和对侧对照腿的腓肠肌和比目鱼肌（胫骨1神经支配）以及胫骨前肌和趾长伸肌（腓骨神经支配）的最大等长张力。为了保持血液循环，只暴露肌腱和肌肉的起源。从膝盖上方的胫骨和腓神经施加间接刺激。对于直接刺激，在肌肉的起点和插入处用两个针电极刺穿肌肉。录音后，对以下肌肉（实验组和对照组）进行解剖并称重：嗯。腓肠肌外侧肌、腓肠肌内侧肌、跖肌、比目鱼肌、胫骨前肌和趾长伸肌。然后将比目鱼肌在均匀张力下固定在铬升华溶液中，横向切片并用马洛里磷钨酸苏木精或阿赞结缔组织染色剂染色。将比目鱼肌的运动神经固定在锇酸蒸气中进行横截面，以显示退化神经纤维与完整神经纤维的比率。最后，重新暴露手术后的骶丛，以检查原始手术的完整性以及丛成分分布中是否存在任何可能的异常。
MATERIALS AND METHODS. All experiments were done with the sciatic plexus of white rats (150-300 grams). Of the spinal nerves contributing to the sciatic nerve, L5 is usually the strongest and rather constant in size. L4 and LG are shared between the sciatic and the lumbar and pudendal plexuses, respectively, and their contributions are more variable. The animals were operated and biopsied in pairs. To offset the size variations in the lumbar nerves, pairs of animals were selected in which the relative contributions of the three roots to the sciatic plexus were similar. The plexus was approached through a paramedian incision from the third lumbar to the third sacral vertebrae, severing the attachments of the abdominal muscles to the lumbo-dorsal fascia and the ilium. By separating fibers of the iliacus and psoas major muscles and retracting the ilium dorsally, the entire left sacral plexus was exposed without removing any bone or muscle tissue. The chosen nerves were then identified, transected and capped with a solution of methylmethacrylate in acetone to prevent regeneration (Edds, 1945). In a few animals, the partially denervated plantar extensors were deprived of the antagonistic action of the dorsi-flexors by cutting the peroneal nerve at the knee.The animals were biopsied from 8 to 120 days after the operation. Under nembutal anesthesia, the maximum isometric tensions of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles (tibia1 innervation) and of the tibialis anticus and extensor digitorum longus muscles (peroneal innervation) of both the operated and contralateral control leg were determined kymographically. In order to preserve circulation, only the tendons and the origins of the muscles were exposed. Indirect stimulation was applied from the tibia1 and peroneal nerves above the knee. For direct stimulation, the muscle was pierced with two needle electrodes at its origin and insertion. After the recordings, the following muscles, experimental and controls, were dissected and weighed: Mm. gastrocnemius lateralis, gastrocnemius medialis, plantaris, soleus, tibialis anticus and extensor digitorum longus. The soleus muscles were then fixed under even tension in chrome-sublimate solution, sectioned transversally a# nd stained in Mallory’s phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin or azan connective tissue stain. The motor nerves to the soleus muscles were fixed in osmic acid vapor for cross sections to show the ratio of degenerated to intact nerve fibers. Finally, the operated sacral plexus was re-exposed as a check of both the completeness of the original operation and any possible abnormalities in the distribution of the plexus components.