Catchment‐scale peatland restoration benefits stream ecosystem biodiversity
Catchment‐scale peatland restoration benefits stream ecosystem biodiversity
复制标题
流域规模的泥炭地恢复有益于生物多样性生态系统
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Holden
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Ramchunder;L. Brown;J. Holden
总结
1.全世界以泥炭为主的集水区的排水造成泥炭和淡水生态系统服务的广泛退化。 在英国，过去十年估计花费了5亿英镑堵塞排水沟，以扭转这些变化。这种做法提高了地下水位，以诱导再润湿和促进泥炭沉积。然而，对河流等受影响生态系统的潜在惠益仍然未知。
2.本研究检查了有人工排水网络或最近被堵塞的排水沟的泥炭地集水区的河流物理化学和底栖大型无脊椎动物，并将其与没有排水历史的完整泥炭地进行了比较。
3.人工排水集水区溪流的特点是，与排水受阻和完整集水区相比，其底栖细颗粒有机物（FPOM）更多，悬浮泥沙浓度更高，河床沉积物更细（D50）。
（4）排水区双翅目（蚋科和摇蚊科）幼虫的丰度高于排水区，蜉蝣目、鳞翅目和毛翅目幼虫的丰度低于排水区。 相比之下，流在排水阻塞集水区的大型无脊椎动物群落大致相似的完整网站的分类丰富度，整体物种组成和群落结构。这些变化与较低的悬浮泥沙和底栖FPOM浓度排水阻塞后。
5.合成与应用。 这项研究表明，流底栖大型无脊椎动物组合的结构的变化与底栖颗粒有机物和悬浮沉积物的增加泥炭地排水。然而，这些影响似乎是可逆的集水区规模恢复排水阻塞。因此，排水阻塞似乎不仅有利于泥炭地土壤、植被和水文生态系统服务，而且有利于河流水质和生物多样性。许多机构进行泥炭地恢复应考虑实施详细的前和后阻塞流监测，以进一步提高我们的理解，通过泥炭地管理影响流生物多样性和生物恢复动态的机制，完善排水阻塞的做法，并告知水生保护和管理战略。
Summary
1. Drainage of peat-dominated catchments across the world has caused widespread degradation of peat and freshwater ecosystem services. In the UK, an estimated £500 million has been spent over the last decade blocking drains to reverse these changes. The practice raises water-tables to induce rewetting and promote peat aggradation. However, the potential benefits for impacted ecosystems such as streams remain unknown.
2. This study examined stream physicochemistry and benthic macroinvertebrates across peatland catchments with artificial drainage networks, or drains that have recently been blocked, and compared these with intact peatland sites having no history of drainage.
3. Streams in artificially drained catchments were characterised by more benthic fine particulate organic matter (FPOM), higher suspended sediment concentrations and finer bed sediments (D50) than in drain-blocked and intact catchments.
4. Drained sites had higher abundance of Diptera (Simuliidae and Chironomidae) larvae, and lower abundance of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera larvae, than drain-blocked sites. In contrast, streams in drain-blocked catchments had macroinvertebrate communities broadly similar to intact sites in terms of taxon richness, overall species composition and community structure. These changes were associated with lower suspended sediment and benthic FPOM concentrations following drain-blocking.
5. Synthesis and applications. This study has shown changes in the structure of stream benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages linked to increases in benthic particulate organic matter and suspended sediment following peatland drainage. However, these effects seem to be reversible following catchment-scale restoration by drain-blocking. Drain-blocking therefore appears to benefit not only peatland soil, vegetation and hydrological ecosystem services but also stream water quality and biodiversity. The numerous agencies undertaking peatland restoration should consider implementing detailed pre- and post-blocking monitoring of streams to further improve our understanding of the mechanisms through which peatland management affects stream biodiversity and biological recovery dynamics, refine drain-blocking practices, and inform aquatic conservation and management strategies.