Melanocytes don't always take the high road.
Melanocytes don't always take the high road.
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黑素细胞并不总是走正路。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1755-148x.2009.00665.x
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Pavan,WilliamJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hwang,Hun-Way;Pavan,WilliamJ
色素细胞发育的中心法则是，在发育胚胎中，最终产生皮肤黑素细胞的干神经嵴（NC）细胞在表皮下沿着背外侧路径迁移，而NC细胞沿沿着神经管和皮肌节之间的腹侧路径迁移，有助于周围神经系统的神经元和神经胶质（图1A）（Le Douarin和Kalcheim，1999）。Adameyko等人的开创性工作，最近发表在Cell（Adameyko等人，2009），通过提供强有力的证据来挑战这种简单的二分法，即腹侧通路中的NC衍生物也是皮肤中黑素细胞的重要来源。令人惊讶的是，观察到具有不同时空分布的两个SOX 10 +/MITF+细胞群体。第一个种群出现在汉堡汉密尔顿（HH）阶段22，位于表皮下和神经管的侧面。后来在同一阶段，第二个群体被描述为与肢体芽和侧体壁中发育的脊神经分支密切相关（图1B）。随着发展，第一个种群减少，而第二个种群扩大。第一个SOX 10 +/MITF+群体清楚地对应于经典的背外侧迁移的NC衍生的成黑素细胞。在神经相关突起附近的第二个SOX 10 +/MITF+ NC细胞群以前没有被描述为黑素细胞前体。这种现象不仅限于鸡，因为在小鼠胚胎中也发现了两个类似的“成黑素细胞”群体。
A central dogma of pigment cell development has been that the truncal neural crest (NC) cells that will ultimately give rise to skin melanocytes migrate under the epidermis along a dorsolateral route in developing embryos, while NC cells migrating along the ventral pathway between the neural tube and the dermamyotome contribute to the neurons and glia of the peripheral nervous system (Figure 1A)(Le Douarin and Kalcheim, 1999). The seminal work by Adameyko et al., recently published in Cell (Adameyko et al., 2009), challenges this simplistic dichotomy by providing strong evidence that NC derivatives in the ventral pathway are also an important origin of melanocytes in the skin.To arrive at this hypothesis, Adameyko et al. first traced melanocyte development in chick embryos using expression of SOX10 and MITF as markers for melanoblasts. Surprisingly, two populations of SOX10+/MITF+ cells with distinct spatiotemporal distributions were observed. The first population appeared at Hamburger Hamilton (HH) stage 22, located under the epidermis and lateral to the neural tube. Later in the same stage, a second population was described in close association with the developing spinal nerve rami in the limb bud and lateral body wall (Figure 1B). As development progressed, the first population decreased while the second population expanded. The first SOX10+/MITF+ population clearly corresponds to the classic dorsolaterally migrating, NC-derived melanoblasts. The second SOX10+/MITF+ population of NC cells near the nerve-associated projections had not been described as melanocyte precursors before. This phenomenon is not limited to chick, as two analogous ‘melanoblast’populations were also identified in mouse embryos.