Calibrating amino acid δ 13 C and δ 15 N offsets between polyp and protein skeleton to develop proteinaceous deep-sea corals as paleoceanographic archives

Calibrating amino acid δ 13 C and δ 15 N offsets between polyp and protein skeleton to develop proteinaceous deep-sea corals as paleoceanographic archives
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校准息肉和蛋白质骨架之间的氨基酸 δ 13 C 和 δ 15 N 偏移,以开发蛋白质深海珊瑚作为古海洋档案

DOI:
10.1016/j.gca.2017.09.048
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
McCarthy, Matthew D.
McCarthy, Matthew D.
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
McMahon, Kelton W.;Williams, Branwen;Guilderson, Thomas P.;Glynn, Danielle S.;McCarthy, Matthew D.

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来自蛋白质深海珊瑚骨骼的化合物特异性氨基酸稳定同位素(CSI-AA)有可能改善浮游生物群落组成的古重建,以及我们对海洋中下沉有机物的营养动态和生物地球化学循环的理解。然而,蛋白质骨骼材料中保存的分子同位素值反映了活珊瑚虫的分子同位素值这一假设从未在蛋白质深海珊瑚中直接进行过研究。我们检查了来自北太平洋三个海洋学不同区域的三个蛋白质深海珊瑚属的 CSI-AA:来自阿拉斯加湾的Primnoa、来自加利福尼亚中部边缘的Isidella 和来自北太平洋副热带环流的Kulamanamana。我们发现,在成对的息肉组织和蛋白质骨架样本之间,必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸的 δ13C 值以及源氨基酸的 δ15N 值存在最小偏移。使用基本的 AA δ13C 指纹识别方法,我们表明,当根据息肉组织或最近沉积的骨骼组织进行计算时,真核微藻和原核蓝藻对支持深海珊瑚下沉的有机物的相对贡献的估计是相同的。另一方面,所有三个属的骨骼组织中营养性 AA 的 δ15N 值始终比息肉组织低 3-4‰。我们假设这种偏移反映了息肉(快速周转组织)和骨骼(缓慢、单向合并)合成中氮通量通过同位素分支点的分配。这一偏移表明,虽然可以纠正,但低估了基于戈尔贡蛋白的深海珊瑚骨骼的大约一半营养位置。总之,我们的观察结果为将现代系统中代谢活跃组织开发的许多基于 CSI-AA 的快速发展的工具应用于古海洋学背景下的档案珊瑚组织打开了大门。
Compound-specific stable isotopes of amino acids (CSI-AA) from proteinaceous deep-sea coral skeletons have the potential to improve paleoreconstructions of plankton community composition, and our understanding of the trophic dynamics and biogeochemical cycling of sinking organic matter in the Ocean. However, the assumption that the molecular isotopic values preserved in protein skeletal material reflect those of the living coral polyps has never been directly investigated in proteinaceous deep-sea corals. We examined CSI-AA from three genera of proteinaceous deep-sea corals from three oceanographically distinct regions of the North Pacific:Primnoafrom the Gulf of Alaska,Isidellafrom the Central California Margin, andKulamanamanafrom the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. We found minimal offsets in the δ13C values of both essential and non-essential AAs, and in the δ15N values of source AAs, between paired samples of polyp tissue and protein skeleton. Using an essential AA δ13C fingerprinting approach, we show that estimates of the relative contribution of eukaryotic microalgae and prokaryotic cyanobacteria to the sinking organic matter supporting deep-sea corals are the same when calculated from polyp tissue or recently deposited skeletal tissue. The δ15N values of trophic AAs in skeletal tissue, on the other hand, were consistently 3–4‰ lower than polyp tissue for all three genera. We hypothesize that this offset reflects a partitioning of nitrogen flux through isotopic branch points in the synthesis of polyp (fast turnover tissue) and skeleton (slow, unidirectional incorporation). This offset indicates an underestimation, albeit correctable, of approximately half a trophic position from gorgonin protein-based deep-sea coral skeleton. Together, our observations open the door for applying many of the rapidly evolving CSI-AA based tools developed for metabolically active tissues in modern systems to archival coral tissues in a paleoceanographic context.
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