Longitudinal trends in self-reported anxiety. Effects of age and birth cohort during 25 years.
Longitudinal trends in self-reported anxiety. Effects of age and birth cohort during 25 years.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12888-017-1277-3
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发表时间：
2017-04-26
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Sundquist J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calling S;Midlöv P;Johansson SE;Sundquist K;Sundquist J
有人认为焦虑在年轻人中会增加，但以前关于纵向趋势的研究并不确定。本研究的目的是纵向分析，随着时间的变化，自报焦虑在瑞典人口1980/1981年和2004/2005年之间，在不同的出生队列和年龄组的患病率。每八年对年龄在16-71岁之间的非收容机构人员进行一次随机抽样采访。自我报告的焦虑是用”你是否患有紧张、不安或焦虑”的问题来评估的。(no;是的，轻度;是的，重度）。使用随机截取的混合模型来估计不同年龄组和出生队列以及男性和女性的焦虑率（轻度或重度）的变化。除了三个与时间有关的变量-访谈年份、访谈时的年龄和出生年份-外，还包括以下解释变量：教育、城市化、婚姻状况、吸烟、闲暇时间体育活动和身体质量指数。在25年的随访期间，男性自我报告的焦虑的总体患病率从8.0%增加到12.4%，女性从17.8%增加到23.6%。除最老年龄组外，所有年龄组都有增加的趋势，在调整协变量后，16-23岁的年轻人增加最多，女性增加3倍以上，男性增加2.5倍。在1980/81年至2004/05年期间，除最年长的年龄组外，所有年龄组自我报告的焦虑症发病率都在增加，这表明大部分人口的痛苦增加，可能是卫生保健系统的负担增加。临床工作应特别关注年轻女性（16-23岁），这一人群的增加特别大;在25年随访结束时，近三分之一的人经历了焦虑。
Anxiety has been suggested to increase among young individuals, but previous studies on longitudinal trends are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to analyze longitudinally, the changes over time of prevalence of self-reported anxiety in the Swedish population between 1980/1981 and 2004/2005, in different birth cohorts and age groups. A random sample of non-institutionalized persons aged 16–71 years was interviewed every eighth year. Self-reported anxiety was assessed using the question” Do you suffer from nervousness, uneasiness, or anxiety?” (no; yes, mild; yes, severe). Mixed models with random intercepts were used to estimate changes in rates of anxiety (mild or severe) within different age groups and birth cohorts and in males and females separately. In addition to three time-related variables – year of interview, age at the time of the interview, and year of birth –the following explanatory variables were included: education, urbanization, marital status, smoking, leisure time physical activity and body mass index. Overall prevalence of self-reported anxiety increased from 8.0 to 12.4% in males and from 17.8% to 23.6% in females, during the 25-year follow-up period. The increasing trend was found in all age groups except in the oldest age groups, and the highest increase was found in young adults 16–23 years, with more than a three-fold increase in females, and a 2.5-fold increase in males, after adjustments for covariates. Between 1980/81 and 2004/05, there was an increasing prevalence of self-reported anxiety in all age groups except in the oldest, which indicates increased suffering for a large part of the population, and probably an increased burden on the health care system. Clinical efforts should focus particularly on young females (16–23 years), where the increase was particularly large; almost one third experienced anxiety at the end of the 25-year follow-up.