Acute and longer-term psychological distress associated with testing positive for COVID-19: longitudinal evidence from a population-based study of US adults.
Acute and longer-term psychological distress associated with testing positive for COVID-19: longitudinal evidence from a population-based study of US adults.
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与 COVID-19 检测呈阳性相关的急性和长期心理困扰：来自美国成年人人群研究的纵向证据。
DOI：
10.1017/s003329172100324x
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发表时间：
2023-03
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Robinson E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daly M;Robinson E
新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）已经产生了相当大的公共卫生负担，但感染这种疾病对心理健康的影响尚不清楚。在这项基于人群的观察性队列研究中，我们检查了与2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）检测阳性相关的心理困扰的纵向变化。参与者（N = 8002;观察值= 139035）来自理解美国研究的23波，这是一个具有全国代表性的基于概率的美国成年人在线小组，从2020年4月1日至2021年2月15日每两周随访一次。使用患者健康问卷-4的标准化总分评估心理困扰。在研究过程中，576名参与者报告COVID-19检测呈阳性。使用包括个体和时间固定效应的回归分析，我们发现，在参与者首次检测出COVID-19呈阳性的2周期间，心理困扰增加了0.29个标准差（p < 0.001）。痛苦水平在接下来的2周内保持显着升高（d = 0.16，p < 0.01），然后恢复到基线水平。冠状病毒症状的严重程度解释了COVID-19导致的痛苦变化，即症状更严重且消退较慢的人的痛苦更明显。这项研究表明，COVID-19检测呈阳性与心理困扰的最初增加有关，随着症状消退，这种心理困扰会迅速减少。尽管COVID-19可能不会对大多数普通人群产生持久的心理困扰，但少数人仍可能遭受长期的心理健康后果。
The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has produced a considerable public health burden but the impact that contracting the disease has on mental health is unclear. In this observational population-based cohort study, we examined longitudinal changes in psychological distress associated with testing positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Participants (N = 8002; observations = 139 035) were drawn from 23 waves of the Understanding America Study, a nationally representative probability-based online panel of American adults followed-up every 2 weeks from 1 April 2020 to 15 February 2021. Psychological distress was assessed using the standardized total score on the Patient Health Questionnaire-4. Over the course of the study, 576 participants reported testing positive for COVID-19. Using regression analysis including individual and time-fixed effects we found that psychological distress increased by 0.29 standard deviations (p < 0.001) during the 2-week period when participants first tested positive for COVID-19. Distress levels remained significantly elevated (d = 0.16, p < 0.01) for a further 2 weeks, before returning to baseline levels. Coronavirus symptom severity explained changes in distress attributable to COVID-19, whereby distress was more pronounced among those whose symptoms were more severe and were slower to subside. This study indicates that testing positive for COVID-19 is associated with an initial increase in psychological distress that diminishes quickly as symptoms subside. Although COVID-19 may not produce lasting psychological distress among the majority of the general population it remains possible that a minority may suffer longer-term mental health consequences.