The Need for Behavioral Theory in Evacuation Modeling
The Need for Behavioral Theory in Evacuation Modeling
复制标题
疏散建模中对行为理论的需求
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-04504-2_70
复制
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Gwynne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Kuligowski;S. Gwynne
本文提出需要一个关于火灾疏散中人类行为的完整、综合的概念模型。这对于改善培训、教育和未来的数据收集工作具有内在价值，但也允许将完整的行为表示嵌入到模拟工具中。本文首先讨论从建筑物火灾疏散研究中提取的当前单独理论或“行为事实”。然后，本文讨论了当前计算机疏散模型用来模拟这些“行为事实”的方法以及这些方法的局限性。最后，本文主张在计算机疏散模型中纳入全面的行为概念模型，特别是强调疏散模型的行为理论的好处，并提供用于预测人们是否会从社区灾难中疏散的社会理论的例子。
This paper posits the need for a complete, comprehensive conceptual model about human behavior in fire evacuations. This would be of intrinsic value to improve training, education, and future data collection efforts, but would also allow for a complete behavioral representation to be embedded within simulation tools. This paper begins by discussing the current, separate theories or “behavioral facts” extracted from research on evacuations from building fires. Then, the paper discusses the methods used by current computer evacuation models to simulate these “behavioral facts” and the limitations of these methods. Last, the paper argues for the inclusion of a comprehensive behavioral conceptual model in computer evacuation models, specifically by highlighting the benefits of behavioral theory for evacuation models and providing examples of social theories used to predict whether people will evacuate from disasters in communities.