Dopamine responses comply with basic assumptions of formal learning theory
Dopamine responses comply with basic assumptions of formal learning theory
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DOI：
10.1038/35083500
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发表时间：
2001-07-05
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Schultz, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Waelti, P;Dickinson, A;Schultz, W
根据当代学习理论，实际奖励和预测奖励之间的差异或误差决定了当刺激与奖励配对时是否会发生学习。预测错误的作用直接通过观察得到证明，即当刺激与完全预测的奖励配对时，学习被阻止。通过使用这种阻断程序，我们表明，多巴胺神经元对条件刺激的反应是由奖励预测错误的发生，而不是单独的刺激奖励协会的差异，因为是学习的行为反应。行为和神经元学习主要发生在多巴胺神经元在奖励时记录奖励预测错误时。我们的数据表明，使用来自正式的行为学习理论的分析测试提供了一个强大的方法来研究单个神经元在学习中的作用。
According to contemporary learning theories, the discrepancy, or error, between the actual and predicted reward determines whether learning occurs when a stimulus is paired with a reward. The role of prediction errors is directly demonstrated by the observation that learning is blocked when the stimulus is paired with a fully predicted reward. By using this blocking procedure, we show that the responses of dopamine neurons to conditioned stimuli was governed differentially by the occurrence of reward prediction errors rather than stimulus-reward associations alone, as was the learning of behavioural reactions. Both behavioural and neuronal learning occurred predominantly when dopamine neurons registered a reward prediction error at the time of the reward. Our data indicate that the use of analytical tests derived from formal behavioural learning theory provides a powerful approach for studying the role of single neurons in learning.