Healthy life expectancy in 191 countries, 1999
Healthy life expectancy in 191 countries, 1999
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04824-8
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发表时间：
2001-05-26
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Lopez, AD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mathers, CD;Sadana, R;Lopez, AD
我们在这里描述了1999年用于产生191个国家的健康预期寿命（DALE）的第一个估计值的方法。这些数据是基于对109种疾病和伤害原因的发病率、患病率和残疾分布的估计，按年龄组、性别和世界地区分列，以及对世界各地60项代表性健康调查的分析。我们使用Sullivan的方法计算每个WHO成员国男性和女性的健康预期寿命。1999年，日本的平均健康预期寿命最高，为74.5岁。排在最后的十个国家都在撒哈拉以南非洲，那里的艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行最为普遍，导致出生时的DALE不到35岁。在最低的国家，因残疾而损失的健康寿命占总预期寿命的18%，而在健康预期寿命最高的国家，这一比例降至8%左右。在全球范围内，男女之间的受教育年限差距低于总预期寿命。各国健康预期寿命的增长速度快于总预期寿命的增长速度，这表明死亡率的降低伴随着残疾的减少。虽然妇女寿命更长，但她们在残疾方面花费的时间更长。随着人均保健支出平均水平的增加，健康预期寿命的增长速度高于总预期寿命。
We describe here the methods used to produce the first estimates of healthy life expectancy (DALE) for 191 countries in 1999. These were based on estimates of the incidence, prevalence, and disability distributions for 109 disease and injury causes by age group, sex, and region of the world, and an analysis of 60 representative health surveys across the world. We used Sullivan's method to compute healthy life expectancy for men and women in each WHO member country. Japan had the highest average healthy life expectancy of 74.5 years at birth in 1999. The bottom ten countries are all in sub-Saharan Africa, where the HIV-AIDS epidemic is most prevalent, resulting in DALE at birth of less than 35 years. Years of healthy life lost due to disability represent 18% of total life expectancy in the bottom countries, and decreases to around 8% in the countries with the highest healthy life expectancies. Globally, the male-female gap is lower for DALE than for total life expectancy. Healthy life expectancy increases across countries at a faster rate than total life expectancy, suggesting that reductions in mortality are accompanied by reductions in disability. Although women live longer, they spend a greater amount of time with disability. As average levels of health expenditure per capita increase, healthy life expectancy increases at a greater rate than total life expectancy.