RECALL AND RECOGNITION MEMORY DEFICITS IN DEPRESSION
RECALL AND RECOGNITION MEMORY DEFICITS IN DEPRESSION
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DOI：
10.1016/0165-0327(92)90095-n
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发表时间：
1992-05-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
GISPENDEWIED, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BRAND, AN;JOLLES, J;GISPENDEWIED, C
本研究的目的是确定抑郁症受试者在单词学习测试中的记忆缺陷的性质。采用由1、3或5个学习试验组成的单词学习测试。我们发现，与对照组相比，当进行5次学习试验时，患者的记忆回忆能力较差。在识别测试中，患者的表现明显慢于对照组，但患者和对照组识别的单词数量相同。这表明，在许多抑郁症受试者中存在的记忆缺陷可能仅限于从记忆中主动提取受损。第二个实验表明，在第一次学习试验后，抑郁症患者的识别记忆、延迟回忆和即时回忆功能均受到损害。除了立即召回外，这些缺陷在3次试验后消失。这些数据表明，在抑郁症患者中，不仅检索信息，而且将信息编码到记忆中也可能受到损害，尤其是在任务开始时，对认知努力的要求很高。结果将根据资源分配和在任务过程中可能发生变化的努力需求进行讨论。
The aim of the present study was to establish the nature of memory deficits of depressive subjects in word learning tests. A word learning test consisting of 1, 3 or 5 learning trials was used. We found that patients were characterized by inferior memory recall compared to controls when 5 learning trials were given. Patients performed significantly slower than controls on a recognition test but both patients and controls recognized the same number of words. This suggests that the memory deficits that are present in many depressive subjects may be restricted to impaired active retrieval from memory. A second experiment revealed that recognition memory and delayed recall as well as immediate recall were impaired in depressive patients after 1 learning trial. These short-comings vanished after 3 trials, except for immediate recall. These data suggest that not only retrieval but also encoding of information into memory may be impaired in depression, especially in the beginning of a task when demands on cognitive effort are high. The results are discussed in terms of resource allocation and demands on effort that may change in the course of a task.