Defensive reactions to health-promoting information: an overview and implications for future research
Defensive reactions to health-promoting information: an overview and implications for future research
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DOI：
10.1080/17437199.2011.606782
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Ruiter, Robert A. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
van't Riet, Jonathan;Ruiter, Robert A. C.
这是一个普遍的发现，即接受具有威胁性的健康促进信息的人有动机拒绝或无视这些信息，从而做出防御反应。本文概述了对健康促进信息的防御反应的文献。区分如下：(1)回避，(2)否认，(3)认知重评和(4)抑制。虽然这些防御反应已经被反复而彻底地研究过，但我们认为仍有一些问题没有得到解答。首先，对于回避、否认、认知重新评估和抑制是否对情绪体验和有益健康的行为有不同或相似的影响，我们知之甚少。其次，在接受者反复接触健康促进信息的情况下，随着时间的推移，人们对防御反应的发展知之甚少，这在现实生活中是经常发生的。在本文中，我们对这些问题给出了初步的答案，表明认知重评价比其他三种策略更有可能导致有效的情绪调节，更有可能阻碍健康的行为。我们还提出，对健康促进信息的防御反应并不总是减少对健康有益的反应，但可以与更适应性的反应共同发生，甚至促进它们。最后，我们提出了一个假设模型的发展防御随着时间的推移。
It is a common finding that recipients of threatening health-promoting information are motivated to dismiss or disregard the information, thus reacting defensively'. This article gives an overview of the literature on defensive reactions to health-promoting information. A distinction is made between: (1) avoidance, (2) denial, (3) cognitive reappraisal and (4) suppression. Although these defensive reactions have been studied repeatedly and thoroughly, we propose that a number of questions remain unanswered. First, little is known about whether avoidance, denial, cognitive reappraisal and suppression have distinct or similar effects on emotional experience and health-conducive behaviour. Second, little is known about the development of defensive reactions over time in case recipients are repeatedly exposed to health-promoting information, which is often the case in a real-life setting. In the present article, we present preliminary answers to these questions, suggesting that cognitive reappraisal has greater potential to result in effective emotion regulation and is more likely to impede healthy behaviour than the other three strategies. We also propose that defensive reactions to health-promoting information do not always reduce health-conducive responses but can co-occur with more adaptive responses or even facilitate them. Finally, we present a hypothesised model of the development of defensiveness over time.