Sex differences in application, success, and funding rates for NIH extramural programs.
Sex differences in application, success, and funding rates for NIH extramural programs.
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DOI：
10.1097/acm.0b013e31821836ff
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发表时间：
2011-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pinn VW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pohlhaus JR;Jiang H;Wagner RM;Schaffer WT;Pinn VW
作者提供了对美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）奖励计划中性别差异的分析，以告知促进研究人员多样性的潜在举措。2010年，作者在电子研究管理信息管理，规划和协调II数据库中检索了NIH校外赠款的数据，并使用统计分析来确定获得NIH资助的任何性别差异，以及已经获得独立NIH支持的研究人员的后续成功。在大多数奖励项目中，男性和女性的成功率和资助率没有显著差异。此外，在妇女参与率低于男子的方案中，这种差异主要与妇女申请人的比例低于男子有关，而不是成功率或资助率下降。然而，对于随后的赠款，男子的申请率和资助率一般都高于妇女。横截面分析表明，女性和男性在所有职业阶段通常都同样成功，但纵向分析表明，男性与以前的经验，作为美国国立卫生研究院的受赠人有较高的申请和资助率比女性在类似的职业点。平均而言，尽管女性获得的R01奖项比男性多，但男性在职业生涯的各个阶段都比女性获得更多的R01奖项。因此，虽然妇女正在更多地参与国家卫生研究院的方案，但需要采取进一步行动消除剩余的性别差异。
The authors provide an analysis of sex differences in National Institutes of Health (NIH) award programs to inform potential initiatives for promoting diversity in the research workforce. In 2010, the authors retrieved data for NIH extramural grants in the electronic Research Administration Information for Management, Planning, and Coordination II database, and used statistical analysis to determine any sex differences in securing NIH funding, as well as subsequent success of researchers who had already received independent NIH support. Success and funding rates for men and women were not significantly different in most award programs. Furthermore, in programs where participation was lower for women than men, the disparity was primarily related to a lower percentage of women applicants compared to men, rather than decreased success rates or funding rates. However, for subsequent grants, both application and funding rates were generally higher for men than for women. Cross-sectional analysis showed that women and men were generally equally successful at all career stages, but longitudinal analysis showed that men with previous experience as NIH grantees had higher application and funding rates than women at similar career points. On average, although women received larger R01 awards than men, men had more R01 awards than women at all points in their careers. Therefore, while greater participation of women in NIH programs is underway, further action will be required to eradicate remaining sex differences.