Bud respiration and dormancy of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)
Bud respiration and dormancy of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)
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DOI：
10.1006/anbo.1997.0455
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发表时间：
1997-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Snowball, AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McPherson, HG;Snelgar, WP;Snowball, AM
猕猴桃（Actinidia deliciosa（A. Chev.）C. F. Liang & A. R.弗格森）是一种多年生藤蔓植物，需要在休眠期冬季寒冷，然后才能充分开花和收获。量化冬季温度的影响是困难的，因为葡萄树的第一个可检测的反应是开花和萌芽，直到春天才发生。我们认为，猕猴桃芽在休眠期的呼吸速率（R-D）可以提供一个早期的指示芽老化的变化与寒冷。从新西兰三个不同地区采集的花蕾在秋季、冬季和春季进行了R-D测定，结果表明，秋季采集的花蕾的R-D值存在一定的差异。来自最冷地区的芽具有最高的R-D。这些差异很小，但一致，在5月初开始的时间测量中很明显。秋季R-D与冬芽的花芽比例和每冬芽的花数相关，在较小程度上与芽的数量和扩展相关。这些相关性集中注意这一时期在确定“冬季”的寒冷反应的重要性。这就增加了R-D作为葡萄生长预测指标的可能性，早在萌芽前17周，R-D在春季迅速增加。这发生在萌芽前3-6周，与芽内的发育变化一致。在早春的R-D的变化相关的时间和扩展的萌芽和开花的枝条的比例，但不花的数量。为了提供一个比较的潜在用途的R-D作为一个指标的葡萄树响应冷却，萌芽和开花参数回归平均气温在5月至7月期间。与气温的相关性与基于秋季或春季R-D的相关性一样有用，但仅在萌芽前6-9周可用。秋季的R-D可以获得至少8周前比平均冬季温度数据，这可能是一个重要的优势，如果这个信息可以用于预测葡萄对寒冷的反应。(C)1997年《植物学年鉴》（Annals of Botany Company）
Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C. F. Liang & A. R. Ferguson) is a perennial vine which requires winter chilling during the dormant period before it will flower and crop adequately. Quantifying the impact of winter temperatures is difficult because the first detectable responses of the vine are floral initiation and bud break which do not occur until spring. We believed that the respiration rate (R-D) of buds of kiwifruit during the dormant period might provide an early indication of the changes in bud stale associated with chilling. R-D was measured during autumn, winter and spring on buds collected from three contrasting regions of New Zealand.The R-D of buds collected from these regions during the autumn were consistently different. Buds from the coolest region had the highest R-D. These differences which were small, but consistent, were apparent by the time measurements started al the beginning of May. The autumn R-D was correlated with the proportion of floral shoots and numbers of flowers per winter bud, and to a lesser extent, the amount and spread of bud break. These correlations focus attention on the importance of this period in determining 'winter' chilling responses. It raises the possibility of R-D being used as a predictor of vine performance as early as 17 weeks before bud break.A rapid increase in R-D was detected during spring. This occurred 3-6 weeks prior to bud break and coincided with developmental changes within the buds. Changes in R-D in early spring were correlated with the timing and spread of bud break and the proportion of shoots that bore flowers, but not flower numbers. To provide a comparison of the potential use of R-D as an index of vine response to chilling, bud break and flowering parameters were regressed against mean air temperature during the period from May to July. The correlations with air temperature were as useful as those based on the autumn or spring R-D but were available only 6-9 weeks before bud break. The autumn R-D can be obtained at least 8 weeks earlier than mean winter temperature data and this may be an important advantage if this information can be used for forecasting vine responses to chilling. (C) 1997 Annals of Botany Company.