河川水中の溶解性有機物の挙動, 特に手賀沼水系大堀川を例として(第1報)
河川水中の溶解性有機物の挙動, 特に手賀沼水系大堀川を例として(第1報)
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河水中溶解有机物的行为，特别以手贺沼水系的大濠河为例（第1部分）
DOI：
10.1248/jhs1956.36.1
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
靖弘 山根
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
英機 立本;利明 小泉;斉藤 喜代継;靖弘 山根
为了弄清河水中溶解有机物的行为，选择了日本水污染最严重的特贺努玛湖及其集水区污染物负荷特别大的大和里河，研究了这些地区的水质和溶解有机物组成的变化。在1984年6月至1986年12月期间，每两周抽取一次水样。为了进行分析，每个水样用0.45μm的膜过滤器过滤，以获得总有机碳和有机物的浓度。结果表明，奥合里河上游、中游和下游的可溶性有机质年平均值分别为20.2 mg/L、9.9 mg/L和7.7 mg/L。从4月到9月，这一数字往往会下降，从10月到3月，这一数字会增加。溶解有机碳中蛋白质占13.9~21.2%，碳水化合物占4.9~12.8%，胡敏酸和富里酸占9.6~19.9%，单宁和木质素占4.9~7.1%，尿素占1.3~21.2%，脂类占3.6~8.9%，阴离子表面活性剂占6.5~13.5%，挥发性有机酸占5.6~7.2%，未知物质占20.7~32.8%。C站溶解有机碳中蛋白质、碳水化合物、挥发性有机酸和阴离子表面活性物质的含量占溶解有机物的45.5%，城市污水进水中蛋白质、碳水化合物、挥发性有机酸和阴离子表面活性剂的含量约占50%。作为奥霍里河污染的原因之一，从集水区进入的有机物与城市污水中的有机物相似，可能会产生很大的影响，奥霍里河可能会受到周围地区城市化的强烈影响。
In order to clarify the behavior of dissolved organic matters in river water, the Lake Tega-numa with the most accelerated water pollution in Japan and the River Ohhori with a remarkably great load of pollutants in its catchment area were chosen and variation in water quality and components of the dissolved organic matters in these areas were examined. Water sampling was made once every two weeks during the period June 1984 to December 1986. For analysis, each water sample was filtered with a 0.45 μm membrane filter to obtain the TOC and organic matters concentrations. From these results, the annual mean value of the soluble organic matters in the River Ohhori was 20.2 mg/l in the upper reach, 9.9 mg/l in the medium reach, and 7.7 mg/l in the lower reach. This tends to decrease from April to September and increase from October to March. The dissolved organic matters were comprised, for the dissolved-TOC, of proteins, 13.9-21.2% ; carbohydrates, 4.9-12.8% ; humic acids and fulvic acid, 9.6-19.9% ; tannin and lignin, 4.9-7.1% ; urea, 1.3-21.2% ; lipids, 3.6-8.9% ; anionic surfactants, 6.5-13.5% ; volatile organic acids, 5.6-7.2%, and unknown substances, 20.7-32.8%. The sum of the components of proteins, carbohydrates, volatile organic acids and anionic surfactants was 45.5% of dissolved organic matters as dissolved-TOC at station C and in the influent of municipal wastewater about 50%. As one of the causes of the pollution of the River Ohhori, the influx organic matters from the catchment area similar to those present in the municipal wastewater, may contribute greatly and the River Ohhori may be strongly affected by the urbanization of the surrounding area.