Influence of wildfire on the rapidly changing features of patchy permafrost, Northeast China
Influence of wildfire on the rapidly changing features of patchy permafrost, Northeast China
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DOI：
10.1002/ldr.4637
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发表时间：
2023-02
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Xiaoying Li;H. Jin;R. He;Hongwei Wang;Long Sun;D. Luo;Yan Li;Yadong Huang;Xue Yang;Xiaoying Jin;X. Chang;Lizhong Wang;Changlei Wei;Zeyu Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xiaoying Li;H. Jin;R. He;Hongwei Wang;Long Sun;D. Luo;Yan Li;Yadong Huang;Xue Yang;Xiaoying Jin;X. Chang;Lizhong Wang;Changlei Wei;Zeyu Zhang
作为北方森林中的一种活跃的生态因素，野火对下面的永久冻土层有许多重要的影响。然而，在中国东北片状多年冻土地区，对受生态系统保护的多年冻土特征的火灾后变化的研究极为有限。此外，野火对该地区片状永久冻土的影响也很复杂。本文通过实地调查和观测，对2006年烧毁地区的多年冻土特征及其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明，灌丛湿地（NWH1，未烧毁和NWH2，轻度烧毁）土壤温度明显低于白桦落叶松林（NWH3，轻度烧毁和NWH4，中度烧毁）土壤温度。浅层地面温度（0-4 m 深）变化显着。轻烧NWH2点的年平均土壤温度（MAST）和年最高土壤温度比未烧毁的NWH1高0.3-5.2°C，但年最低土壤温度低0.3-2.1°C。中度燃烧的 NWH4 的 MAST 比轻度燃烧的 NWH3 高 0.6–1.6°C。燃烧部位的活性层厚度 (ALT) 更大；在中度烧伤地点，烧伤13年后才发现季节性霜冻。 0.0~0.4 m深度内未燃烧NWH1土壤有机碳和全氮含量最高，其次是轻度燃烧NWH2和NWH3，中度燃烧NWH4最低。气候变暖、森林火灾和不断变化的当地因素（例如土壤水分含量、积雪、土壤质地和排水条件）共同作用，导致地温和 ALT 升高。这些研究成果可为气候变暖下北方森林和湿地以及生态系统保护的多年冻土的保护提供重要的科学依据。
As an active ecological agent in the boreal forest, wildfires have many important impacts on the underlying permafrost. However, investigations of post‐fire changes in the features of ecosystem‐protected permafrost are extremely limited in the patchy permafrost regions, Northeast China. Additionally, the impacts of wildfires on patchy permafrost are complicated in this region. In this paper, based on field surveys and observations, permafrost features and their influencing factors were analyzed in the area burned in 2006. The results showed notably lower soil temperatures in shrub‐wetland (NWH1, unburned and NWH2, light burn) in comparison with those in the birch‐larch forest (NWH3, light burn and NWH4, moderate burn). Changes in shallow ground temperatures (0–4 m in depth) were significant. Mean annual soil temperatures (MAST) and annual maximum soil temperature at the light‐burn NWH2 site were 0.3–5.2°C higher than those of unburned NWH1, but annual minimum soil temperatures, 0.3–2.1°C lower. MASTs at the moderately burned NWH4 were 0.6–1.6°C higher than those at the light‐burn NWH3. The active layer thickness (ALT) was greater at burned sites, and; at the moderately burned site, only seasonal frost was found when 13 years after the burn. The contents of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were the highest at the unburned NWH1 from 0.0 to 0.4 m in depth, followed by those at the lightly‐burned NWH2 and NWH3, and the lowest at the moderately‐burned NWH4. Climate warming, forest fires, and changing local factors (e.g., soil moisture contents, snow cover, soil texture and drainage conditions) worked together to increase ground temperature and ALT. These research results could provide important scientific basis for the protection of boreal forest and wetlands and the ecosystem‐protected permafrost under a warming climate.