Hydrological resilience of a Canadian Rockies headwaters basin subject to changing climate, extreme weather, and forest management
Hydrological resilience of a Canadian Rockies headwaters basin subject to changing climate, extreme weather, and forest management
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DOI：
10.1002/hyp.10596
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发表时间：
2015-08
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
P. Harder;J. Pomeroy;C. Westbrook
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Harder;J. Pomeroy;C. Westbrook
加拿大落基山脉的土拨鼠溪研究盆地是多个海拔高度的密集径流、地下水、积雪、降水和气温观测的地点。该盆地于1962年进行了仪器化，在20世纪70年代中期进行了林业实验，并在2013年经历了极端洪水。气候变化、森林覆盖变化和最近的极端天气使该流域成为研究水文恢复力的理想实验室。观测结果表明，低海拔气温、多天和春季降水、降水年际变化和高海拔地下水位增加。观测还显示，季节性积雪高峰和低海拔地下水位有所下降。尽管这些重大的水文气象和地下水的变化，径流量，高峰的时间，和峰值的大小没有变化。径流量对森林覆盖变化和遥相关也不敏感。2013年6月的洪水是有记录以来前所未有的，流域对极端降水的水文响应显着缓和; 2013年的暴雨降水深度比51年来第二高的暴雨总量大65%;然而，2013年的峰值流量仅比记录的第二高峰值流量大32%。旱獭溪研究盆地的水文表现出显着的弹性变化的气候，极端天气和森林覆盖的变化。版权所有© 2015约翰威利父子有限公司.
Marmot Creek Research Basin in the Canadian Rockies has been the site of intensive streamflow, groundwater, snow accumulation, precipitation, and air temperature observations at multiple elevations. The basin was instrumented in 1962, subjected to forestry experiments in the mid‐1970s, and experienced extreme flooding in 2013. Climate change, forest cover change, and recent extreme weather make the basin an ideal laboratory for studying hydrological resilience. Observations show increases in low elevation air temperature, multiple day and spring precipitation, interannual variability of precipitation, and high elevation groundwater levels. Observations also show decreases in peak seasonal snow accumulation and low elevation groundwater levels. Despite these substantial hydrometeorological and groundwater changes, streamflow volume, timing of peak, and magnitude of the peak are not changing. Streamflow volumes are also insensitive to forest cover changes and teleconnections. The June 2013 flood was unprecedented in the period of record, and the basin significantly moderated the hydrological response to the extreme precipitation; the 2013 storm precipitation depth was 65% greater than the next highest storm total over 51 years; however, the 2013 peak streamflow was only 32% greater than the next highest peak flow recorded. The hydrology of Marmot Creek Research Basin displays remarkable resilience to changing climate, extreme weather, and forest cover change. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.