German Environmental Survey 1998 (GerES III): environmental pollutants in blood of the German population
German Environmental Survey 1998 (GerES III): environmental pollutants in blood of the German population
复制标题
DOI：
10.1078/1438-4639-00155
复制
发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Seifert, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Becker, K;Kaus, S;Seifert, B
1998年进行了第三次德国环境调查（GerES 111）。选择约4800例受试者的概率样本，以代表德国人群的地区（东AVest-德国）、社区规模、年龄（18 - 69岁）和性别。从每个研究参与者身上采集血液样本，并使用问卷调查获得与血压相关的信息。对全血中的镉、铅、汞、六氯苯、六氯环己烷（α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH）、1，1-二氯-2，2-双（对氯苯基）乙烯（p，p '-DDE）和多氯联苯（PCB-138、PCB-153、PCB-180）进行了分析，以记录一般人群接触这些物质的程度、分布和决定因素。镉，铅，汞在血液中的几何平均值分别为0.44，31和0.58 μ g/L。吸烟者的镉含量为1.1 mug/l，非吸烟者为0.28 mug/l。铅的几何平均值在配偶的血液中高于女性（36 μ g/l vs. 26 mu/l）。血液中的汞浓度取决于鱼的食用量和汞合金填充的牙齿数量。血液中六氯苯和p，p '-DDE的平均浓度分别为0.44 mug/l和1.6 mug/l。在东德（前民主德国），血液中的DDE浓度是西德的两倍多。PCB-138、PCB-153和PCB-180的几何平均值分别为0.42、0.68和0.44 mug/l。随着年龄的增长，六氯苯、DDE和多氯联苯的含量明显增加。仅在1.7%和5.2%的样本中检测到甲型六氯环己烷和γ-六氯环己烷。乙型六氯环己烷在34%的样本中被定量，第95百分位数为0.5微克/升。
The German Environmental Survey was conducted for the third time in 1998 (GerES 111). The probability sample of about 4800 subjects was selected to be representative for the German population with regard to region (East-AVest-Germany), community size, age (18 to 69 years) and gender. Blood samples were taken from each study participant and questionnaires were used to get exposure-related information. Cadmium, lead, mercury, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexane (alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, gamma-HCH), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophen yl) ethylene (p,p'-DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB-138, PCB-153, PCB-180) were analysed in whole blood to document the extent, distribution, and determinants of exposure of the general population to these substances. The geometric means of Cd, Pb, and Hg in blood amounted to 0.44, 3 1, and 0.5 8 mug/l, respectively. Smokers showed a Cadmium level of 1.1 mug/l and non-smokers a level of 0.28 mug/l. The geometric mean of lead was higher in the blood of mates than of females (36 mug/l vs. 26 mu/l). The concentration of mercury in blood depends on fish consumption and the number of teeth with amalgam fillings. The mean concentrations of HCB and p, p'-DDE in blood were 0.44 mug/1 and 1.6 mug/1, respectively. In East-Germany (the former GDR) the DDE concentration in blood was more than twice as high as in West-Germany. Geometric means for PCB were 0.42, 0.68 and 0.44 mug/l for PCB-138, PCB-153, and PCB-180, respectively. A marked increase of HCB, DDE and PCB levels with age could be observed. alpha-HCH and gamma-HCH could be detected in 1.7% and 5.2% of the samples only. beta-HCH was quantified in 34% of the samples with a 95th percentile of 0.5 mug/l.