Integrated Study of Existing Tsunami Design Standards
Integrated Study of Existing Tsunami Design Standards
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现有海啸设计标准的综合研究
DOI：
10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0003506
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Sullivan, Kenneth P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lewis, Nicolette S.;Lehman, Dawn E.;Motley, Michael R.;Arduino, Pedro;Roeder, Charles W.;Pyke, Christopher N.;Sullivan, Kenneth P.
随着人们对太平洋沿岸的海啸威胁有了更好的了解，人们正在广泛考虑垂直疏散结构，以提高生命安全。这种结构的设计需要仔细考虑流体诱导的力。近年来，核心墙已被用作抗海啸结构中抗侧力的首选体系。这些结构需要由与要求垂直和平行的墙提供高强度和高刚度；细节和限制剪应力要求提供必要的延性。然而，将核心墙系统用于抗海啸系统存在潜在的挑战。首先，在海啸期间，与水流垂直的墙往往会产生很大的水动力和水静力。因此，对这些需求的准确估计对于弹性结构的设计是必要的。采用实验和数值相结合的方法进行了一个四阶段的研究计划，以调查这些需求和当前设计标准在提供合理但保守的推力估计方面的有效性。该项目的第一阶段在先前研究的基础上，使用计算流体力学(CFD)来模拟实验。第二阶段使用模拟的结果来确定水槽中的水深测量和仪器的放置。在第三阶段，1：6的原型心墙结构在Hinsdale波浪研究实验室的大波浪水槽中进行了测试，该实验室是一个自然灾害工程研究基础设施(NHERI)的测试设施。试验装置允许测试整个心墙系统，包括桩基础和粗略估计土壤约束对需求的影响。应变计、称重传感器和压力分布被用来提供结构响应的高级测量。这些测量结果随后被用来验证建模方法。第四个阶段是将实验测得的峰值力与海啸淹没后对建筑物施加的力的标准设计公式进行比较，使用从试验中获得的数据，目的是调查地震后对建筑物施加的海啸负荷需求。地震荷载在实验或分析中没有被考虑在内；它们只是决定了建筑物抵御初始事件的能力。
As the tsunami threat across the Pacific coast becomes better understood, vertical evacuation structures are being widely considered in order to improve life safety. The design of such structures requires careful consideration of fluid-induced forces. Recently, core walls have been used as a preferred system for lateral force resistance in tsunami-resistant structures. These structures require high strength and stiffness provided by walls both orthogonal and parallel to the demands; detailing and limiting shear stress demands provide the necessary ductility. There are, however, potential challenges to utilizing core wall systems for tsunami-resisting systems. Primarily, walls orthogonal to flow tend to draw large hydrodynamic and hydrostatic forces during tsunamis. Therefore, accurate estimates of these demands are needed for the design of resilient structures. A four-phase research program utilizing integrated experimental and numerical methods was undertaken to investigate these demands and the efficacy of current design standards in providing reasonable but conservative estimates for the forces imparted. The first phase of the program used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the experiments, building on prior research. The second phase used the results from the simulations to define the bathymetry in the flume and the placement of instrumentation. In the third phase, a 1:6 prototypical scale core-wall structure was tested in the large wave flume at the Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory, a Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) testing facility. The experimental setup permitted the testing of the full core-wall system, including the pile foundation and rough estimates of the impact of soil restraint on the demand. Strain gauges, load cells, and pressure distributions were used to provide advanced measurements of the structural response. These measurements were then used to validate the modeling approach. The fourth phase involved comparing the measured peak forces from experiments to standard design equations for imparted force against structures due to tsunami inundation using data acquired from the experiments with the intent of investigating tsunami load demand imparted to a structure after an earthquake. Earthquake loads were not taken into account in experimentation or analysis; they simply dictate a building’s capacity against the initial event.
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DOI：
10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000039
发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
2.5
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
影响因子：
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