Reducing infant immunization distress through distraction.
Reducing infant immunization distress through distraction.
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-6133.21.2.207
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发表时间：
2002-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Cohen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Cohen
婴儿程序性困扰在很大程度上尚未得到充分研究，并且儿童健康心理学文献中缺乏经验支持的干预措施。这项研究探讨了护士引导的注意力分散对于减少婴儿免疫困扰的作用。九十名婴儿及其父母被随机分配到分心条件（即护士使用刺激来转移婴儿的注意力）或典型的护理条件。结果指标包括观察量表、家长和护士评分以及婴儿心率。结果表明，婴儿会分散注意力，而分散注意力会减少他们的行为困扰；然而，评级和心率尚无定论。程序阶段的分析表明，婴儿在注射前和注射期间表现出较高的痛苦，但这种痛苦是短暂的。
Infant procedural distress is largely understudied, and there is a dearth of empirically supported interventions in the child health psychology literature. This study examined nurse-directed distraction for reducing infant immunization distress. Ninety infants and their parents were randomly assigned to a distraction condition (i.e., nurses used stimuli to divert infants' attention) or a typical care condition. Outcome measures were an observational scale, parent and nurse ratings, and infant heart rate. Results indicated that infants engaged in distraction and that distraction reduced their behavioral distress; however, ratings and heart rate were inconclusive. Analyses of procedural phases indicated that infants exhibited elevated distress immediately prior to and during an injection, but this distress was fleeting.