Relation of planar Hall and planar Nernst effects in thin film permalloy
Relation of planar Hall and planar Nernst effects in thin film permalloy
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薄膜坡莫合金中平面霍尔效应与平面能斯特效应的关系
DOI：
10.1088/1361-6463/aac2b3
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zink, B L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wesenberg, D;Hojem, A;Bennet, R K;Zink, B L
我们提出了镍铁 (Ni-Fe) 合金薄膜的平面能斯特效应 (PNE) 和平面霍尔效应 (PHE) 的测量。我们将薄膜样品、测量引线以及光刻定义的加热器和温度计悬挂在氮化硅膜上，以大大简化对磁热电效应定量测定至关重要的热梯度的控制和测量。由于这些热隔离结构允许测量同一薄膜的纵向热电势或塞贝克系数和四线电阻率，因此我们可以定量地证明纵向和横向效应之间的联系作为所施加的面内场和角度的函数。对这种本质上二维结构的有限元热分析可以更可靠地确定热梯度，由于膜的特殊几何形状（宽度超过 350 μm），为了最大限度地提高对横向热电效应的灵敏度，热梯度从最简单的假设中减少。我们在此研究的含 80% Ni 的 Ni-Fe 薄膜的 PNE 和 PHE 系数最大值分别为 和 。所有信号都与施加场完全对称，排除了长距离自旋传输效应。我们还考虑了 PNE 和 PHE 之间的类莫特关系，并使用该关系和标准莫特关系来确定费米能量下电阻率的能量导数，这与我们之前使用类似热平台测量的薄膜值非常相似。最后，使用铅对纵向热电势贡献的估计值，我们表明这种 Ni-Fe 薄膜中的各向异性磁阻 (AMR) 比是磁热电势比的两倍，这是偏离严格遵守塞贝克系数和电阻率之间的莫特关系的第一个证据。
We present measurements of the planar Nernst effect (PNE) and the planar Hall effect (PHE) of nickel-iron (Ni–Fe) alloy thin films. We suspend the thin-film samples, measurement leads, and lithographically-defined heaters and thermometers on silicon-nitride membranes to greatly simplify control and measurement of thermal gradients essential to quantitative determination of magnetothermoelectric effects. Since these thermal isolation structures allow measurements of longitudinal thermopower, or the Seebeck coefficient, and four-wire electrical resistivity of the same thin film, we can quantitatively demonstrate the link between the longitudinal and transverse effects as a function of applied in-plane field and angle. Finite element thermal analysis of this essentially 2D structure allows more confident determination of the thermal gradient, which is reduced from the simplest assumptions due to the particular geometry of the membranes, which are more than 350 μm wide in order to maximize sensitivity to transverse thermoelectric effects. The resulting maximum values of the PNE and PHE coefficients for the Ni–Fe film with 80% Ni we study here are and, respectively. All signals are exclusively symmetry with applied field, ruling out long-distance spin transport effects. We also consider a Mott-like relation between the PNE and PHE, and use both this and the standard Mott relation to determine the energy-derivative of the resistivity at the Fermi energy to be, which is very similar to values for films we previously measured using similar thermal platforms. Finally, using an estimated value for the lead contribution to the longitudinal thermopower, we show that the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) ratio in this Ni–Fe film is two times larger than the magnetothermopower ratio, which is the first evidence of a deviation from strict adherence to the Mott relation between Seebeck coefficient and resistivity.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
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