Mutagenicity, antimutagenicity and cytotoxicity evaluation of South African Podocarpus species
Mutagenicity, antimutagenicity and cytotoxicity evaluation of South African Podocarpus species
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jep.2011.11.044
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发表时间：
2012-02-15
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Van Staden, Johannes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abdillahi, Halima S.;Verschaeve, Luc;Van Staden, Johannes
民族药理学相关性：在南非，四种罗汉果属植物用于人类和动物保健的传统医学。这些物种的叶和茎提取物的体外药理学筛选显示出有效的抗菌、抗炎、抗酪氨酸酶、驱虫、乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制和抗氧化活性。本研究的目的：调查南非竹柏属物种的叶和茎提取物的致突变性、抗突变性和细胞毒性作用。材料和方法：采用沙门氏菌/微粒体试验，分别基于平板掺入法和中性红摄取（NRU）试验，在有和无代谢活化的情况下，检测了4种竹柏属植物提取物的致突变性和细胞毒性作用。使用5种鼠伤寒沙门氏菌试验菌株TA 98、TA 100、TA 102、TA 1535和TA 1537进行致突变性试验。通过测定其NI 50值（NRU的50%抑制率）评估浸提液的相对细胞毒性。结果：浸提液对所有试验菌株均未显示出任何致突变作用，无论是否存在代谢活化。所有提取物对4 NQO诱导的突变表现出强烈的抗突变作用，以剂量依赖性方式降低其致突变作用。与80%乙醇提取物相比，石油醚提取物表现出较强的细胞毒性作用。当HepG 2细胞与浓度增加的植物提取物接触时，NRU的斜率按照浓度依赖性模式下降（最高-最低%）。对于80%乙醇提取物，就存活率百分比而言，毒性最大的提取物是镰叶竹柏的叶，其中在0.2 mg/ml时，细胞的存活率为38.9%。干提取物的Podocarpus阔叶树是最有毒的PE提取物，给百分之46.4的活力在0.1毫克/毫升。结论：没有致突变性并不表示缺乏毒性，从这些提取物中观察到。这些发现将有助于评估在使用这些物种时应考虑的安全性措施，以及确定这些物种对各种形式的人类癌细胞的细胞毒性潜力的必要性。(C)2011爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Four species of Podocarpus are used in traditional medicine both in human and animal healthcare in South Africa. In vitro pharmacological screening of leaf and stem extracts of these species exhibited potent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tyrosinase, anthelmintic, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities.Aim of the study: To investigate the mutagenicity, antimutagenicity and cytotoxicity effects of leaf and stem extract of South African Podocarpus species.Material and methods: The mutagenicity and cytotoxic effects of extracts from four species of Podocarpus were tested using the Salmonella/microsome assay with and without metabolic activation, based on the plate-incorporation method and neutral red uptake (NRU) assay respectively. Five Salmonella typhimurium tester strains; TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535 and TA1537 were used for mutagenicity testing. The relative cytotoxicity of the extracts was assessed by determining their NI50 values (50% inhibition of NRU).Results: The extracts did not show any mutagenic effects against all the tester strains with or without metabolic activation. All extracts demonstrated a strong antimutagenic effect on the mutations induced by 4NQO, decreasing its mutagenic effect in a dose-dependent manner. Strong cytotoxic effects were exhibited by petroleum ether extracts as compared to 80% ethanol extracts. When HepG2 cells were in contact with plant extracts in an increasing concentration, slopes of NRU decreased (highest-lowest %) following a concentration-dependent pattern. For 80% ethanol extracts, the most toxic extract in terms of percentage viability was leaves of Podocarpus falcatus whereby at 0.2 mg/ml, the viability of the cells was 38.9%. Stem extract of Podocarpus latifolius was the most toxic among PE extracts, giving a percentage viability of 46.4 at 0.1 mg/ml.Conclusion: Absence of mutagenicity does not indicate lack of toxicity, as was observed from these extracts. These findings will help in assessing the safety measures to be considered in the use of these species and also the need to determine the cytotoxic potential of these species against various forms of human cancer cells. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.