Voluntary Associations, Trust, and Civic Engagement: A Multilevel Approach
Voluntary Associations, Trust, and Civic Engagement: A Multilevel Approach
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志愿协会、信任和公民参与：多层次的方法
DOI：
10.1177/0899764007304754
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kristin Strømsnes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dag Wollebæk;Kristin Strømsnes
本文认为，志愿服务部门的规模比成员的活动水平对社会资本的形成更为重要。13个欧洲自愿部门的强度和范围进行了分析，在个人和总体水平。这表明面对面的接触（积极参与）对被动成员没有额外的影响。因此，志愿部门社会资本形成的主要机制不可能是个体成员的社会化。此外，在总体一级的影响要比在个人一级的影响大得多。这表明社会资本是通过制度（宏观）而不是社会（微观）过程构建的。不是面对面的接触，而是对社会中强大和可见的志愿组织的认识，使人们相信集体行动的效用和合理性。因此，志愿组织是将社会资本制度化，而不是创造社会资本。
This article argues that the scope of the voluntary sector is more important than the activity level of members for the formation of social capital. The intensity and scope of 13 European voluntary sectors are analyzed on both the individual and aggregate levels. This reveals no additional effect of face-to-face contact (active participation) over passive membership. Thus, the primary mechanism of social capital formation in the voluntary sector cannot be socialization of individual members. Furthermore, effects at the aggregate level are much stronger than at the individual level. This indicates that social capital is constructed through institutional (macro), not social (micro) processes. It is not face-to-face encounters but awareness of strong and visible voluntary organizations in society that generate a belief in the utility and rationality of collective action. Thus, voluntary organizations institutionalize rather than generate social capital.
国际化教育的道德信任
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kitamura Akihiko;Seino Satoshi;Abe Takumi;Nofuji Yu;Yokoyama Yuri;Amano Hidenori;Nishi Mariko;Taniguchi Yu;Narita Miki;Fujiwara Yoshinori;Shinkai Shoji;福嶋祐貴;島津侑希;平石晃樹;Yuzo Hirose;大貫守・原田雪乃;森田智幸;北川剛司;Yuzo Hirose
通讯作者：
Yuzo Hirose