Hardwood seedling growth on different mine spoil types with and without topsoil amendment.
Hardwood seedling growth on different mine spoil types with and without topsoil amendment.
复制标题
阔叶树幼苗在有或没有表土改良的不同矿山弃土类型上生长。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
C. Zipper
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Showalter;J. Burger;C. Zipper
在阿巴拉契亚地区，许多回收采矿土地的所有者的目标是出于环境、经济和文化原因恢复多样化的原生硬木林。然而，本地硬木往往生长不良的开采现场，因为他们种植在不合适的破坏缺乏本地表土。在温室实验中，我们研究了四种生长介质的适用性，可用于在阿巴拉契亚山脉中部的森林表土（FT），风化砂岩（WS），未风化的砂岩（US），未风化的页岩（UH），以及表土修正（无与修正）对三个本地硬木物种的生长的影响：美洲白蜡树，红栎，鹅掌楸。用种植的1年生幼苗进行4 × 2 × 3因子温室实验。树木生长，叶面养分，土壤特性进行了测量和表征。WS是最有利于F. americana和Q.红宝石。鹅掌楸对任何处理均无反应。树木生长与土壤可矿化氮和可提取磷高度相关。表层土壤改良剂显著增加了生长的UH，但不是在美国或WS。表层土壤改良剂增加了本地草本植物生长在盆和提高叶片养分含量的F。americana和L.木贼。WS的许多特性，如pH值，微生物活性和水的可用性，更接近控制土壤比美国或UH。这项研究表明，树木是敏感的破坏类型和某些破坏类型，有利于本地树木的良好生长，应在开垦过程中使用，特别是如果森林表土不适用。森林表土改良剂改善了树木在一些废弃物上的生长，改善了树木的营养，并有助于恢复采矿前存在的原生土壤生物和植物。
The goal of many owners of reclaimed mined land in the Appalachian region is to restore the diverse native hardwood forest for environmental, economic, and cultural reasons. However, native hardwoods often grow poorly on mined sites because they are planted in unsuitable spoils devoid of native topsoil. In a greenhouse experiment, we examined the suitability of four growth media available for use on many mined sites in the central Appalachians-forest topsoil (FT), weathered sandstone (WS), unweathered sandstone (US), and unweathered shale (UH)-as well as the effects of topsoil amendment (none vs. amended) on the growth of three native hardwood species: Fraxinus americana, Quercus rubra, and Liriodendron tulipifera. A 4 x 2 x 3 factorial greenhouse experiment was conducted with planted 1-yr-old seedlings. Tree growth, foliar nutrients, and soil properties were measured and characterized. The WS was the spoil most conducive to growth for F. americana and Q. rubra. Liriodendron tulipifera did not respond to any treatments. Tree growth was highly correlated with mineralizable soil nitrogen and extractable soil phosphorus. Topsoil amendment significantly increased growth on the UH but not on the US or WS. Topsoil amendment increased the number of native herbaceous plants growing in the pots and improved foliar nutrient content in F. americana and L. tulipifera. Many properties of the WS, such as pH, microbial activity, and water availability, more closely approximated the control soil than the US or UH. This study showed that trees are sensitive to spoil type and that certain spoil types that are conducive to good growth of native trees should be used during the reclamation process, particularly if forest topsoil is not applied. Forest topsoil amendment improved tree growth on some spoil materials, improved tree nutrition, and helped restore the native soil organisms and plants that were present before mining.