Observing planet-disk interaction in debris disks
Observing planet-disk interaction in debris disks
复制标题
观察碎片盘中的行星盘相互作用
DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361/201219236
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
J. Rodmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Ertel;S. Wolf;J. Rodmann
碎片盘通常被认为是行星形成的副产品。由行星-盘相互作用引起的碎片盘中的结构有希望为嵌入行星的存在和性质提供有价值的约束，目的我们将系统地研究由行星-盘相互作用引起的碎片盘中结构的可观测性。高灵敏度，高角分辨率的意见，大（分）毫米干涉仪和大型天基望远镜在近中红外波长范围内工作被认为是MethodsThe可观测性的碎片磁盘与阿塔卡马大毫米/亚毫米阵列（阿尔马）的基础上，一个简单的分析磁盘模型进行了研究。此外，N体模拟被用来模拟行星盘相互作用的影响下，在碎片盘的空间尘埃分布。从这些模拟中，计算了光学散射光到毫米热再发射的图像。可用信息的预期能力的阿尔马和詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜（JWST）被用来调查这些设施通过空间分辨imaging.ResultsOur的特征盘结构的可观测性的模拟表明，行星盘相互作用可以导致在整个考虑的波长范围内的突出结构。确切的结果取决于行星盘系统的配置和观测波长，这提供了探测和确定太阳系外行星的机会，这些行星的质量和与星星的径向距离是其他技术无法达到的。设施，将在不久的将来，在这两个考虑的波长范围内提供空间解析和表征的能力，因为行星盘相互作用产生的碎片盘的结构。局限性被揭示，并给出可能的仪器设置和观察策略的建议。特别地，阿尔马受限于其对表面亮度的灵敏度，这需要在灵敏度和空间分辨率之间进行权衡。天基中红外观测将能够探测和空间分辨碎片盘中的区域，即使在距离星星几十个Au的地方，碎片盘在这个波长范围内的发射预计会很低。特别是，两个波长的观测组合将对行星/星子系统提供非常强的约束。
ContextDebris disks are commonly considered to be a by-product of planet formation. Structures in debris disks induced by planet-disk interaction are promising to provide valuable constraints on the existence and properties of embedded planets.AimsWe investigate the observability of structures in debris disks induced by planet-disk interaction with future facilities in a systematic way. High-sensitivity, high angular resolution observations with large (sub-)mm interferometers and large space-based telescopes operating in the near- to mid-infrared wavelength range are considered.MethodsThe observability of debris disks with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is studied on the basis of a simple analytical disk model. Furthermore,N-body simulations are used to model the spatial dust distribution in debris disks under the influence of planet-disk interaction. From these simulations, images at optical scattered light to millimeter thermal re-emission are computed. Available information about the expected capabilities of ALMA and theJames WebbSpace Telescope (JWST) are used to investigate the observability of characteristic disk structures with these facilities through spatially resolved imaging.ResultsOur simulations show that planet-disk interaction can result in prominent structures in the whole considered wavelength range. The exact result depends on the configuration of the planet-disk system and on the observing wavelength which provides the opportunity of detecting and characterizing extrasolar planets in a range of masses and radial distances from the star that is not accessible to other techniques. Facilities that will be available in the near future at both considered wavelength ranges are shown to provide the capabilities to spatially resolve and characterize structures in debris disks that arise because of planet-disk interaction. Limitations are revealed and suggestions for possible instrument setups and observing strategies are given. In particular, ALMA is limited by its sensitivity to surface brightness, which requires a trade-off between sensitivity and spatial resolution. Space-based mid-infrared observations will be able to detect and spatially resolve regions in debris disks even at a distance of several tens of AU from the star, where the emission from debris disks in this wavelength range is expected to be low.ConclusionsBoth ALMA and the planned space-based near- to mid-infrared telescopes will provide unprecedented capabilities to study planet-disk interaction in debris disks. In particular, a combination of observations at both wavelengths will provide very strong constraints on the planetary/planetesimal systems.
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