Predation differentially structures immature mosquito populations in stormwater ponds
Predation differentially structures immature mosquito populations in stormwater ponds
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DOI：
10.1111/een.12783
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发表时间：
2019-07-26
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Caceres, Carla E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holmes, Christopher J.;Caceres, Carla E.
1.了解物种丰度和分布的因素需要考虑在多个空间和时间尺度上相互作用的一套复杂的生物和非生物因素。栖息在人类建造的小池塘中的蚊子幼虫提供了一个独特的机会，可以研究这些结构机制的相对重要性，同时产生关于蚊子控制的应用知识。2.对伊利诺伊州中部(尚佩恩县)的32个雨水池进行了多年的实地调查。从每个池塘收集了池塘结构类型和水期、香蒲(香蒲)的存在/不存在、总氮、磷、有机碳和叶绿素a的测量数据。甲壳类浮游动物和水生昆虫的群落特征，这些分类群主要分为捕食性和竞争幼虫蚊子两大类群。用结构方程模型研究了这些生物和非生物因素对三种库蚊(淡色库蚊、库蚊和斑纹伊蚊)幼虫密度的直接和间接影响。3.水期对淡色库蚊密度有间接的负面影响。然而，这种影响是通过捕食者密度来调节的；更持久的池塘有更多的捕食者，因此降低了淡色库蚊幼虫的密度。白纹伊蚊密度与捕食者密度呈正相关。没有发现可以解释残存弧菌密度变化的预测变量。4.这项研究表明，这些生物和非生物因素的相对重要性因栖息在雨水池中的库蚊种类而异。
1. Understanding the factors underlying the abundance and distribution of species requires the consideration of a complex suite of interacting biotic and abiotic factors operating on multiple spatial and temporal scales. Larval mosquitoes inhabiting small human-constructed ponds represent a unique opportunity to investigate the relative importance of these structuring mechanisms while simultaneously generating applied knowledge on mosquito control. 2. A multi-year field survey of 32 stormwater ponds was conducted in central Illinois (Champaign County). From each pond, data were collected on pond structure type and hydroperiod, the presence/absence of cattails (Typha spp.), and measures of total nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic carbon, and chlorophyll a. The communities of crustacean zooplankton and aquatic insects were characterised, and these taxa were assigned into two main groups: predators and competitors of larval mosquitoes. Structural equation modelling was used to explore the direct and indirect effects of these biotic and abiotic factors on larval density for three species of culicine mosquitoes (Culex pipiens, Culex restuans, and Aedes vexans). 3. Hydroperiod had an indirect negative effect on C. pipiens density. However, this effect was mediated by predator density; more permanent ponds had more predators, which therefore reduced the density of C. pipiens larvae. Aedes vexans density was positively correlated with predator density. No predictor variables were found that explained variation in C. restuans density. 4. This study show that the relative importance of these biotic and abiotic factors varies among species of culicine mosquitoes inhabiting stormwater ponds.