Ocular and dermal irritation studies of some quaternary ammonium compounds
Ocular and dermal irritation studies of some quaternary ammonium compounds
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某些季铵盐化合物对眼睛和皮肤的刺激性研究
DOI：
10.1016/0278-6915(95)00099-2
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发表时间：
1996-02-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Hemming, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin, GHY;Hemming, M
研究了氯化十六烷基吡啶(CPC)、硬脂基苯乙基二甲基对甲苯磺酸铵(SPDAT)、二甲基二硬脂酸氢铵(DDABS)和三(正丁基)苄基4-羟基萘-1-磺酸铵(TBAHNS)四种季铵化合物对眼部和皮肤的原发刺激性。CPC和SPDAT对实验动物的眼睛都有极或严重的刺激，而DDABS和TBAHNS对眼睛有轻微或轻微的刺激。CPC和SPDAT对实验动物的皮肤也有严重或极强的刺激性，而DDABS和TBAHNS则无刺激性。这些季铵化合物在化学结构上几乎没有相似之处，具有不同的溶解度。CPC在脂类和水中均易溶；SPDAT在脂类中极易溶，但在水中仅微溶；DDABS和TBAHNS在脂类和水中均难溶。除了阳离子特性外，这些化合物的刺激性可能还与它们的溶解性有关。似乎并不是所有的季铵化合物都是刺激性的。那些不可溶的物质预计不会被眼睛/皮肤组织吸收，因此不会发生刺激性反应。在评估水溶性和脂溶性季铵盐化合物的眼部和皮肤刺激性时，应考虑使用体外替代物。
The primary ocular and dermal irritations of four quaternary ammonium compounds, namely cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), stearylphenylethyldimethylammonium tosylate (SPDAT), dimethyldistearylammonium bisulfate (DDABS) and tri(n-buty)benzylammonium 4-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonate (TBAHNS), were studied. Both CPC and SPDAT were extremely or severely irritating to the eyes of the test animals, whereas DDABS and TBAHNS were mildly or minimally irritating. Both CPC and SPDAT were also severely or extremely irritating to the skin of the test animals, while DDABS and TBAHNS were non-irritating. These quaternary ammonium compounds have little similarity in chemical structure and possess different solubilities. CPC is very soluble in both lipid and water; SPDAT is very soluble in lipid but only slightly soluble in water; and DDABS and TBAHNS are poorly soluble in either lipid or water. The irritancy of these compounds is likely to be related to their solubility, in addition to the cationic characteristics. It appears that not all quaternary ammonium compounds in this study are irritants. Those that are not soluble are not expected to be absorbed in eye/skin tissues and thus irritation reactions will not take place. The use of in vitro alternatives should be considered when assessing the ocular and dermal irritancy potential of water- and lipid-soluble quaternay ammonium compounds.