Acoustic recovery of lost power in pulse tube refrigerators
Acoustic recovery of lost power in pulse tube refrigerators
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DOI：
10.1121/1.426262
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发表时间：
1999-02-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Backhaus, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Swift, GW;Gardner, DL;Backhaus, S
在一个有效的斯特林循环制冷机中，冷活塞或置换器从气体中回收能量。该功率在节流孔脉管制冷机的节流孔中耗散成热量，降低了系统效率。本文介绍了在脉管制冷机中回收这种能量，而不牺牲没有冷运动部件的系统的简单性和可靠性。在这种功率回收的一种方法中，回热器和脉冲管的热端都连接到驱动制冷机的活塞的前部。实验数据表明，这种方法使用热声驱动器，而不是活塞驱动器。控制通过制冷机的时间平均质量通量对于这种功率回收至关重要，以免制冷机的冷却功率被室温质量通量压倒。两种方法被证明用于控制质量通量：屏障方法，和基于湍流不可逆流的流体动力学方法。在-55摄氏度时，冰箱提供了9%的卡诺性能系数的冷却。通过简单的改进，类似的制冷机应该实现比现有的脉冲管制冷机和现有的驻波热声制冷机更高的效率，同时保持没有移动部件的优点。(C)1999年美国声学学会。[S0001-4966（99）00802-4]。
In an efficient Stirling-cycle cryocooler, the cold piston or displacer recovers power from the gas. This power is dissipated into heat in the orifice of an orifice pulse tube refrigerator, decreasing system efficiency. Recovery of some of this power in a pulse tube refrigerator, without sacrificing the simplicity and reliability inherent in a system with no cold moving parts, is described in this paper. In one method of such power recovery, the hot ends of both the regenerator and the pulse tube are connected to the front of the piston driving the refrigerator. Experimental data is presented demonstrating this method using a thermoacoustic driver instead of a piston driver. Control of time-averaged mass flux through the refrigerator is crucial to this power recovery, lest the refrigerator's cooling power be overwhelmed by a room-temperature mass flux. Two methods are demonstrated for control of mass flux: a barrier method, and a hydrodynamic method based on turbulent irreversible flow. At -55 degrees C, the refrigerator provided cooling with 9% of the Carnot coefficient of performance. With straightforward improvements, similar refrigerators should achieve efficiencies greater than those of prior pulse tube refrigerators and prior standing-wave thermoacoustic refrigerators, while maintaining the advantages of no moving parts. (C) 1999 Acoustical Society of America. [S0001-4966(99)00802-4].