Butterfly and plant specialists suffer from reduced connectivity in fragmented landscapes
Butterfly and plant specialists suffer from reduced connectivity in fragmented landscapes
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01828.x
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brueckmann, Sabrina V.;Krauss, Jochen;Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
P>1。石灰质草原是欧洲植物和蝴蝶物种多样性的热点，但近几十年来，这些草原的连通性因栖息地丧失和破碎化而减少。栖息地面积减少导致生物多样性丧失，但独立于斑块大小和栖息地质量的栖息地连通性的意义尚不清楚.在这里，我们专注于蝴蝶和植物物种丰富度的栖息地连接的影响，并比较（一）连接指数，（二）百分比栖息地覆盖和（三）到下一个合适的栖息地补丁作为替代措施的连接。2007年，在北方巴伐利亚（德国）的31个独立的研究地点，在成对的大型和小型研究地点记录了这些物种。我们发现，草原连通性的完全丧失将减少专业蝴蝶（38-69%）和专业植物（24-37%）的物种丰富度。一个连接性指数结合斑块大小和距离在周围的景观是一个更好的衡量连接比百分比栖息地覆盖或距离下一个合适的栖息地。与小型研究点相比，大型研究点的物种丰富度、物种密度以及栖息地特有蝴蝶和植物的丰度显著更高。我们的结论是，连接是高度相关的蝴蝶和植物物种的保护与专门的栖息地要求，但决定连接措施是最合适的取决于补丁配置，景观环境和研究设计。我们建议，管理策略的目标应该是增加连接，积极恢复前石灰质草原，以确保长期生存的栖息地专家物种。
P>1. Calcareous grasslands are diversity hotspots for plant and butterfly species in Europe, but connectivity of these grasslands has been reduced by habitat loss and fragmentation in recent decades. Reduced habitat area leads to biodiversity loss, but the significance of habitat connectivity independent of patch size and habitat quality is unclear.2. Here, we focus on the impact of habitat connectivity on both butterfly and plant species richness and compare (i) a connectivity index, (ii) percentage habitat cover and (iii) distance to the next suitable habitat patch as alternative measures of connectivity. Species were recorded in 2007 in northern Bavaria (Germany) in paired large and small study sites in 31 independent landscapes.3. We found that total loss of grassland connectivity would reduce species richness of specialist butterflies (38-69%) and specialist plants (24-37%). A connectivity index combining patch size and distance in the surrounding landscape was a better measure of connectivity than percentage habitat cover or distance to the next suitable habitat.4. Species richness, species density and abundance of habitat-specialist butterflies and plants were significantly higher in large compared with small study sites.5.Synthesis and applications. We conclude that connectivity is highly relevant for conservation of butterfly and plant species with specialized habitat requirements, but the decision as to which connectivity measure is most appropriate depends on patch configuration, landscape context and study design. We suggest that management strategies should aim to increase connectivity by active restoration of former calcareous grasslands to ensure long-term survival of habitat-specialist species.