Cross-Seasonal Patterns of Avian Influenza Virus in Breeding and Wintering Migratory Birds: A Flyway Perspective
Cross-Seasonal Patterns of Avian Influenza Virus in Breeding and Wintering Migratory Birds: A Flyway Perspective
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DOI：
10.1089/vbz.2010.0246
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Boyce, Walter M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hill, Nichola J.;Takekawa, John Y.;Boyce, Walter M.
禽流感病毒（AIV）在自然界的传播与野生鸟类的活动有着内在的联系。野鸟是病毒的储存库，它们的迁徙可能有助于AIV在繁殖区和越冬区之间的传播。这种传播周期已被广泛接受，但是，很少有AIV的研究，目前跨季节的信息。飞行路线的观点是至关重要的，了解野生鸟类如何有助于AIV在大的空间和时间尺度上的持续存在，以及如何集中监测工作和识别公共卫生风险的影响。本研究的特点是时空感染模式的10,389水禽在两个重要的位置内的太平洋飞行路线繁殖地点在阿拉斯加州内陆和越冬地点在加州的中央谷在2007-2009年。在所取样的水鸭中，北方铲鸭（Anas clypeata）在繁殖（32.2%）和越冬（5.2%）地点的AIV感染率最高。这与在其他飞行路线进行的监测研究形成对比，这些研究确定绿头鸭（Anas platyrhynchos）和北方针尾鸭（Anas acuta）是流行率最高的宿主。一个较高的AIV亚型的多样性是显而易见的，在越冬（n=42）相比，繁殖地点（n=17），在这两个地点的混合感染的证据。我们的研究表明，越冬地点可能作为一个重要的混合碗之间的传播水禽在飞行路线，创造机会的病毒重组。我们的研究结果揭示了野生鸟类种群AIV感染的动态如何在迁徙飞行路线的两端之间变化。
The spread of avian influenza viruses (AIV) in nature is intrinsically linked with the movements of wild birds. Wild birds are the reservoirs for the virus and their migration may facilitate the circulation of AIV between breeding and wintering areas. This cycle of dispersal has become widely accepted; however, there are few AIV studies that present cross-seasonal information. A flyway perspective is critical for understanding how wild birds contribute to the persistence of AIV over large spatial and temporal scales, with implications for how to focus surveillance efforts and identify risks to public health. This study characterized spatio-temporal infection patterns in 10,389 waterfowl at two important locations within the Pacific Flyway-breeding sites in Interior Alaska and wintering sites in California's Central Valley during 2007-2009. Among the dabbling ducks sampled, the northern shoveler (Anas clypeata) had the highest prevalence of AIV at both breeding (32.2%) and wintering (5.2%) locations. This is in contrast to surveillance studies conducted in other flyways that have identified the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and northern pintail (Anas acuta) as hosts with the highest prevalence. A higher diversity of AIV subtypes was apparent at wintering (n=42) compared with breeding sites (n=17), with evidence of mixed infections at both locations. Our study suggests that wintering sites may act as an important mixing bowl for transmission among waterfowl in a flyway, creating opportunities for the reassortment of the virus. Our findings shed light on how the dynamics of AIV infection of wild bird populations can vary between the two ends of a migratory flyway.