Precise time interactions between behavioural and morphological defences
Precise time interactions between behavioural and morphological defences
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0706.2009.17812.x
复制
发表时间：
2010-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Anholt, B. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hammill, E.;Kratina, P.;Anholt, B. R.
针对捕食者所诱导产生的防御可分为三类基本类型——行为的、形态的和生活史方面的。许多物种在不止一类中产生变化。行为变化的一个理论优势在于，与形态或生活史相比，它具有快速诱导的潜力。我们通过比较在暴露于来自一种捕食性涡虫（弗吉尼亚细口涡虫）的化学信号的八肋游仆虫（一种腹毛类纤毛虫）中沿着时间线的行为和形态的改变来检验这一理论。行为防御比形态防御的诱导速度快得多，尽管随着形态防御开始表现出来，行为的变化稍有放松。这表明这两种特性之间存在一种时间上的补偿关系。行为防御被快速诱导以迅速降低捕食风险，然而随着形态变化的实现，它们会放松，以避免付出表达两种防御类型的代价。
Defences induced against predators fall into three basic categories - behavioural, morphological and life history. Many species induce changes in more than one category. A theoretical advantage of a behavioural change is its potential for rapid induction compared to morphology or life history. We tested this theory by comparing modifications in behaviour and morphology along a time line in the hypotrich ciliate Euplotes octocarinatus exposed to chemical cues from Stenostomum virginianum, a predatory flarworm. Behavioural defences were induced much more rapidly than morphological, although as morphological defences became expressed changes in behaviour were slightly relaxed. This suggests a temporal compensatory relationship between the two traits. Behavioural defences are quickly induced to rapidly reduce predation risk, however they are relaxed as morphology changes are realised to avoid paying the cost of expressing both types of defence.