Fungi in deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Basin
Fungi in deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Basin
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.005
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Raghukumar, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Damare, S;Raghukumar, C;Raghukumar, S
尽管有大量关于深海沉积物中细菌的信息，但对该环境中真菌的存在的研究和记录却很少。我们在这里报告的真菌发生在深海沉积物中，从类似的5000在印度中部盆地（9-16度和73-76度E）的深度。通过各种分离技术，共分离出181种真菌培养物，其中大部分属于陆生产孢子种。曲霉属和非产孢真菌种类最多。还分离了几种酵母。在0-2cm的沉积物柱样中观察到最大的物种多样性。用Calcofluor（一种荧光增白剂）对沉积物进行直接染色，发现沉积物中存在真菌菌丝。使用针对深海分离的土曲霉（# A 4634）的多克隆抗体的免疫荧光证实了其以菌丝的形式存在于从中分离的子部分中。共有25种代表性的真菌在200巴压力、30度和5度C下产生大量生物质。许多真菌在200 bar/5 ℃下表现出异常形态。陆地菌株与几个深海菌株的比较表明，前者可以生长在200巴的压力时，菌丝接种物开始生长。然而，深海分离物A. terreus（#A4634）在200巴压力和30 ℃下显示发芽，但陆生的没有。我们的研究结果表明，陆地物种的真菌运输到深海最初强调，但可能会逐渐适应这些条件下的增长。(c)2005爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Although a great amount of information is available on bacteria inhabiting deep-sea sediments, the occurrence of fungi in this environment has been poorly studied and documented. We report here the occurrence of fungi in deep-sea sediments from similar to 5000 in depth in the Central Indian Basin (9-16 degrees S and 73-76 degrees E). A total of 181 cultures of fungi, most of which belong to terrestrial sporulating species, were isolated by a variety of isolation techniques. Species of Aspergillus and non-sporulating fungi were the most common. Several yeasts were also isolated. Maximum species diversity was observed in 0-2cm sections of the sediment cores. Direct staining of the sediments with Calcofluor, a fluorescent optical brightener, revealed the presence of fungal hyphae in the sediments. Immunofluorescence using polyclonal antibodies raised against a deep-sea isolate of Aspergillus terreus (# A 4634) confirmed its presence in the form of hyphae in the sub-section from which it was isolated. A total of 25 representative species of fungi produced substantial biomass at 200 bar pressure at 30 degrees as well as at 5 degrees C. Many fungi showed abnormal morphology at 200 bar/5 degrees C. A comparison of terrestrial isolates with several deep-sea isolates indicated that the former could grow at 200 bar pressure when growth was initiated with mycelial inocula. However, spores of a deep-sea isolate A. terreus (# A 4634), but not the terrestrial ones, showed germination at 200 bar pressure and 30 degrees C. Our results suggest that terrestrial species of fungi transported to the deep sea are initially stressed but may gradually adapt themselves for growth under these conditions. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.