Predicting postoperative opioid use with machine learning and insurance claims in opioid-naïve patients.

Predicting postoperative opioid use with machine learning and insurance claims in opioid-naïve patients.
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利用机器学习和保险理赔数据预测未使用过阿片类药物的患者术后阿片类药物的使用情况

DOI:
10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.03.058
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发表时间:
2021-09
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Wiens J
Wiens J
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hur J;Tang S;Gunaseelan V;Vu J;Brummett CM;Englesbe M;Waljee J;Wiens J

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术后阿片类药物使用的临床影响需要准确的预测策略来识别有风险的患者。我们利用术前理赔数据来预测未使用过阿片类药物的患者术后阿片类药物的再次配药以及新的持续使用情况。 对来自Optum去识别化的Clinformatics®数据集市数据库的112,898名未使用过阿片类药物的成年术后患者进行了一项回顾性研究。潜在的预测因素包括社会人口统计学数据、合并症以及手术前一年内的处方。 与线性模型相比,非线性模型在预测再次配药方面有适度改进——受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUROC)为0.68对0.67(p < 0.05),在预测新的持续使用方面表现相同——AUROC = 0.66。接受大手术、手术前30天内有阿片类药物处方以及腹痛对预测再次配药有用;背部/关节/头部疼痛是预测新的持续使用最重要的特征。 来自保险理赔的术前患者属性可能潜在地有助于指导未使用过阿片类药物患者的处方实践。
The clinical impact of postoperative opioid use requires accurate prediction strategies to identify at-risk patients. We utilize preoperative claims data to predict postoperative opioid refill and new persistent use in opioid-naïve patients. A retrospective study was conducted on 112,898 opioid-naïve adult postoperative patients from Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart database. Potential predictors included sociodemographic data, comorbidities, and prescriptions within one year prior to surgery. Compared to linear models, non-linear models led to modest improvements in predicting refills – area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) 0.68 vs. 0.67 (p < 0.05) – and performed identically in predicting new persistent use – AUROC = 0.66. Undergoing major surgery, opioid prescriptions within 30 days prior to surgery, and abdominal pain were useful in predicting refills; back/ joint/head pain were the most important features in predicting new persistent use. Preoperative patient attributes from insurance claims could potentially be useful in guiding prescription practices for opioid-naïve patients.
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