Structure and limited capacity in verbal working memory: A study with event-related potentials
Structure and limited capacity in verbal working memory: A study with event-related potentials
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DOI：
10.1016/s0093-934x(02)00548-5
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Oor, PJW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kolk, HHJ;Chwilla, DJ;Oor, PJW
为了验证最近关于言语工作记忆结构的说法，我们对讲荷兰语的受试者进行了两个事件相关电位实验。我们比较了主语关系句和宾语关系句中句法异常和语义异常对事件相关电位的影响。在实验1中，受试者做出可接受性判断，而在实验2中，他们为理解而阅读。句法异常与主谓不一致有关，而语义异常与不可信的事件有关(例如，从老鼠身边逃跑的猫在房间里跑过)。语义异常不会引起N400效应。语义和句法异常引起P600效应，具有相似的中央-顶叶头皮分布。对于这两种异常，P600效应都受到句法复杂性的调节：宾语关系句的P600效应要么相对较小(实验1)，要么不存在(实验2)。综上所述，我们的结果表明：(A)言语工作记忆是一个有限的容量系统；(B)它没有被细分为解释性成分和解释后成分(Caplan Waters，1999)；(C)P600能够反映句法上无歧义句子中语义偏向的存在；(D)P600与语言监控有关：其功能是检查意外(语言)事件的真实性；(E)如果进行了这样的检查，事件没有整合，因此没有N400效应。(C)2003年埃尔塞维尔科学公司(美国)。版权所有。
In order to test recent claims about the structure of verbal working memory, two ERP experiments with Dutch speaking participants were carried out. We compared the ERP effects of syntactic and semantic mid-sentence anomalies in subject and object relative sentences. In Experiment 1, the participants made acceptability judgments, while in Experiment 2 they read for comprehension. Syntactic anomalies concerned subject-verb disagreement, while semantic anomalies were related to implausible events (e.g., *The cat that fled from the mice ran through the room). Semantic anomalies did not elicit an N400 effect. The semantic as well as syntactic anomalies elicited P600 effects, with similar centro-parietal scalp distributions. For both kinds of anomaly, the P600 effects were modulated by syntactic complexity: they were either relatively small (Experiment 1) or absent (Experiment 2) in object relative sentences. Taken together, our results suggest that: (a) verbal working memory is a limited capacity system; (b) it is not subdivided into an interpretative and a post-interpretative component (Caplan Waters, 1999); (c) the P600 can reflect the presence of a semantic bias in syntactically unambiguous sentences; (d) the P600 is related to language monitoring: its function is to check upon the veridicality of an unexpected (linguistic) event; (e) if such a check is made, there is no integration of the event and hence no N400 effect. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.