The role of growth and maturation during adolescence on team-selection and short-term sports participation
The role of growth and maturation during adolescence on team-selection and short-term sports participation
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DOI：
10.1080/03014460.2019.1707870
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发表时间：
2020-01-20
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Humbert, M. Louise
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baxter-Jones, Adam D. G.;Barbour-Tuck, Erin N.;Humbert, M. Louise
背景：在青春期，在团队选拔期间，出生月份、生长阶段和成熟阶段可能会影响选择，从而导致对体育项目的选择被取消。目的：本研究的目的是确定青年运动队入选者和取消入选者之间成长和成熟相关因素的差异，并确定与持续参与的短期关联。对象和方法：从加拿大萨斯喀彻温省的六项运动选拔赛中招募了 870 名年龄 11-17 岁的参与者：棒球、篮球、橄榄球、曲棍球、足球和排球。最初的 870 人中，有 244 人 (28%) 在 36 个月时返回进行随访。根据出生日期、测试日期、身高、坐高和体重的测量结果计算出时间年龄（从出生起的年数）、生物学年龄（从达到峰值身高速度 (APHV) 时的年龄起）和相对年龄（与选择范围相关的出生月份）。测量或回忆父母的身高并预测参与者的成年身高。使用参考标准来计算 z 分数。在选拔赛和 36 个月的随访中自我报告体育参与情况。结果：在所有运动项目中，出生在选择范围第一和第二四分位数的运动员比例过高（p < 0.05），无论他们被选中还是被取消选中。预测成人身高的 z 分数范围为 0.1 (1.1) 到 1.8 (1.2)，并且不同运动项目之间存在显着差异 (p < 0.05)。在选定和取消选定的男性参与者之间发现了身高和 APHV 差异 (p < 0.05)。在女性中，选定和取消选定的女性曲棍球运动员之间只有体重存在差异（p < 0.05）；在选定和取消选定的女性参与者之间没有发现进一步的差异。 4% 的被取消选拔的运动员退出了体育运动，68% 的被取消选拔的运动员在 36 个月后仍然从事同一运动项目，而被选拔的运动员中有 84% 的人继续从事同一运动项目。结论：研究发现，参加运动队选拔赛的青少年更有可能在选拔年出生较早，身高相对于同龄人来说较高，并且在某些运动项目中较早成熟。大多数入选和取消入选的参与者在选拔后 36 个月继续参加运动，其中大多数继续参加选拔运动。
Background: During adolescence, deselection from sport occurs during team try-outs when month of birth, stage of growth and maturation may influence selection. Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify differences in growth and maturity related factors between those selected and deselected in youth sports teams and identify short-term associations with continued participation. Subjects and methods: Eight hundred and seventy participants, aged 11-17 years, were recruited from six sports try-outs in Saskatchewan, Canada: baseball, basketball, football, hockey, soccer and volleyball. Two hundred and forty-four of the initial 870 (28%) returned for follow-up at 36 months. Chronological (years from birth), biological (years from age at peak height velocity (APHV)) and relative (month of birth as it relates to the selection band) ages were calculated from measures of date of birth, date of test, height, sitting height and weight. Parental heights were measured or recalled and participant's adult height predicted. Reference standards were used to calculate z-scores. Sports participation was self-reported at try-outs and at 36-month follow-up. Results: There was an over-representation of players across all sports born in the first and second quartiles of the selection bands (p < 0.05), whether they were selected or deselected. z-scores for predicted adult height ranged from 0.1 (1.1) to 1.8 (1.2) and were significantly different between sports (p < 0.05). Height and APHV differences (p < 0.05) were found between selected and deselected male participants. In females only weight differed between selected and deselected female hockey players (p < 0.05); no further differences were found between selected and deselected female participants. Four per cent of deselected athletes exited sports participation and 68% of deselected athletes remained in the same sport at 36 months, compared with 84% of selected athletes who remained in the same sport. Conclusions: It was found that youth who attended sports team's try-outs were more likely to be born early in the selection year, be tall for their age, and in some sports early maturers. The majority of both the selected and deselected participants continued to participate in sport 36 months after try-outs, with the majority continuing to participate in their try-out sport.