DRD4 VNTR polymorphism in Oceanic populations
DRD4 VNTR polymorphism in Oceanic populations
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DOI：
10.1537/ase.110901
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发表时间：
2012-02
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
I. Naka;J. Ohashi;R. Kimura;Takuro Furusawa;T. Yamauchi;M. Nakazawa;K. Natsuhara;Y. Ataka;N. Nishida;T. Ishida;T. Inaoka;Y. Matsumura;R. Ohtsuka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Naka;J. Ohashi;R. Kimura;Takuro Furusawa;T. Yamauchi;M. Nakazawa;K. Natsuhara;Y. Ataka;N. Nishida;T. Ishida;T. Inaoka;Y. Matsumura;R. Ohtsuka
为了研究波利尼西亚人的起源以及从波利尼西亚祖先到土著美拉尼西亚人的基因流，我们对六个南岛语 (AN) 人群的多巴胺 D4 受体 (DRD4) 基因外显子 3 中的 48 bp 可变串联重复序列数 (VNTR) 进行了研究，其中两个在汤加（Nuku’alofa 和 Ha’apai），三个在所罗门群岛（Munda、Paradise 和 Rawaki、其中拉瓦克 (Rawaki) 是密克罗尼西亚移民群体)，巴布亚新几内亚 (Balopa) 的一个，以及巴布亚新几内亚 (Gidra) 的一个非南岛语 (NAN) 人口。在这些海洋种群中，观察到 6 个具有 2 (2R) 至 11 (7R) 次重复的 VNTR 等位基因。最常见的 DRD4 VNTR 等位基因是 4R 等位基因，尽管 2R 和 7R 等位基因频率在其中存在显着差异，其特征是在说 NAN 的美拉尼西亚人 (Gidra) 中 7R 频率高且缺乏 2R，而在说 AN 语的波利尼西亚人（努库阿洛法和哈派）和密克罗尼西亚人中 2R 频率高而 7R 频率低或无效。 （拉瓦基）。波利尼西亚人DRD4 VNTR等位基因频率分布与台湾原住民（阿美族和泰雅族）相似，支持波利尼西亚人祖先源自东南亚人（可能是台湾人）的假设。基于 DRD4 VNTR 等位基因频率对东南亚和大洋洲人群进行的主成分分析表明，讲 AN 的美拉尼西亚人群在遗传上位于两个讲 AN 的波利尼西亚人群和一个讲 NAN 的美拉尼西亚人群之间。这些结果提供了基因从波利尼西亚祖先流向土著美拉尼西亚人、而波利尼西亚祖先经过美拉尼西亚的证据。
To study the origin of Polynesians and the gene flow from Polynesian ancestors to indigenous Melanesians, a 48-bp variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) in exon 3 of the dopamine D4 receptor ( DRD4 ) gene was investigated for six Austronesian (AN)-speaking populations—two in Tonga (Nuku’alofa and Ha’apai), three in Solomon Islands (Munda, Paradise, and Rawaki, of whom Rawaki was a Micronesian migrant group), and one in Papua New Guinea (Balopa), and one Non-Austronesian (NAN)-speaking population in Papua New Guinea (Gidra). In these Oceanic populations, six VNTR alleles with 2 (2R) to 11 (7R) repeats were observed. The most frequent DRD4 VNTR allele was the 4R allele, although the allele frequencies of 2R and 7R varied markedly among them, characterized by high frequencies of 7R and lack of 2R in NAN-speaking Melanesians (Gidra), and high frequencies of 2R and low or null frequencies of 7R in AN-speaking Polynesians (Nuku’alofa and Ha’apai) and Micronesians (Rawaki). The allele frequency distribution of DRD4 VNTR in Polynesians was similar to that in Aboriginal Taiwanese (Ami and Atayal), supporting the hypothesis that Polynesian ancestors were derived from Southeast Asians (probably Taiwanese). A principal component analysis for Southeast Asian and Oceanic populations based on the DRD4 VNTR allele frequencies revealed that AN-speaking Melanesian populations were genetically placed between two AN-speaking Polynesian and one NAN-speaking Melanesian populations. These results provide evidence of gene flow from Polynesian ancestors to indigenous Melanesians while Polynesian ancestors passed through Melanesia.