A look at the strength of micro and macro EEG analysis for distinguishing insomnia within an HIV cohort.
A look at the strength of micro and macro EEG analysis for distinguishing insomnia within an HIV cohort.
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观察微观和宏观脑电图分析在区分 HIV 队列中失眠的能力。
DOI：
10.1109/embc.2015.7319911
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Salas,RachelME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gunnarsdottir,KristinM;Kang,YuMin;Kerr,MatthewSD;Sarma,SrideviV;Ewen,Joshua;Allen,Richard;Gamaldo,Charlene;Salas,RachelME
艾滋病毒感染者经常受到睡眠障碍的困扰，并遭受睡眠剥夺。然而，我们对艾滋病毒状态、睡眠不良、整体功能和未来结果之间的关系的理解仍然存在很大差距;特别是在接受cART（联合抗逆转录病毒治疗）控制良好的艾滋病毒患者的情况下。在这项研究中，我们比较了两组：16名非HIV受试者（血清阴性对照）和12名血清阳性HIV患者，病毒载量检测不到。我们研究了从人类评分的夜间EEG记录中获得的睡眠行为（宏观睡眠）特征和睡眠光谱（微观睡眠）特征，以研究评分的EEG数据是否可用于区分对照组和HIV受试者。具体而言，宏观睡眠特征由睡眠阶段定义，包括睡眠过渡、每个睡眠阶段花费的时间百分比和每个睡眠阶段花费的时间持续时间。通过计算所有通道和频率的总功率以及每个睡眠阶段和不同频带的平均功率，从EEG信号的功率谱中获得微睡眠特征。虽然宏观特征不能区分两组，但评分无关的微观特征存在显著差异和较高的分类准确率。这种光谱分离是有趣的，因为有证据表明，在接受cART稳定的HIV患者中，睡眠投诉和认知功能障碍之间存在关系。此外，目前还没有生物标志物可以预测HIV患者认知能力下降的早期发展。因此，微睡眠架构方法可以作为识别易受认知能力下降影响的HIV患者的生物标志物，为探索早期干预的效用提供了一条途径。
HIV patients are often plagued by sleep disorders and suffer from sleep deprivation. However, there remains a wide gap in our understanding of the relationship between HIV status, poor sleep, overall function and future outcomes; particularly in the case of HIV patients otherwise well controlled on cART (combined anti-retroviral therapy). In this study, we compared two groups: 16 non-HIV subjects (seronegative controls) and 12 seropositive HIV patients with undetectable viral loads. We looked at sleep behavioral (macro-sleep) features and sleep spectral (micro-sleep) features obtained from human-scored overnight EEG recordings to study whether the scored EEG data can be used to distinguish between controls and HIV subjects. Specifically, the macro-sleep features were defined by sleep stages and included sleep transitions, percentage of time spent in each sleep stage, and duration of time spent in each sleep stage. The micro-sleep features were obtained from the power spectrum of the EEG signals by computing the total power across all channels and frequencies, as well as the average power in each sleep stage and across different frequency bands. While the macro features do not distinguish between the two groups, there is a significant difference and a high classification accuracy for the scoring-independent micro features. This spectral separation is interesting because evidence suggests a relationship between sleep complaints and cognitive dysfunction in HIV patients stable on cART. Furthermore, there are currently no biomarkers that predict the early development of cognitive decline in HIV patients. Thus, a micro-sleep architectural approach could serve as a biomarker to identify HIV patients vulnerable to cognitive decline, providing an avenue to explore the utility of early intervention.