Neonatal β cell development in mice and humans is regulated by calcineurin/NFAT.

Neonatal β cell development in mice and humans is regulated by calcineurin/NFAT.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.devcel.2012.05.014
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发表时间:
2012-07-17
期刊:
影响因子:
11.8
通讯作者:
Kim, Seung K.
Kim, Seung K.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Goodyer, William R.;Gu, Xueying;Liu, Yinghua;Bottino, Rita;Crabtree, Gerald R.;Kim, Seung K.

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对控制新生儿生长和器官成熟的机制知之甚少。在这里,我们证明了钙调神经磷酸酶/活化T细胞核因子(CN/NFAT)信号调节小鼠和人类胰岛的新生胰腺发育。小鼠胰岛中钙调神经磷酸酶b1(Cnb1)的失活损害了致密核心颗粒的生物生成,减少了胰岛素的分泌,减少了细胞的增殖和质量,最终导致了致命性糖尿病。缺乏Cnb1的胰腺β细胞不能表达复制、胰岛素储存和分泌所需的直接NFAT靶基因。相反,葡萄糖激酶的激活刺激了这些基因的CN依赖性表达。钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂,如他克莫司,用于人类免疫抑制,会导致糖尿病。他克莫司降低了依赖CN/NFAT的胰岛素致密核心颗粒形成和分泌以及新生儿β细胞增殖所必需的因子的表达,这与我们的遗传学研究一致。调控β细胞成熟和增殖的保守途径的发现为控制人类胰岛疾病中β细胞的生长或替换提供了新的策略。
Little is known about the mechanisms governing neonatal growth and maturation of organs. Here we demonstrate that calcineurin/Nuclear Factor of Activated T cells (Cn/NFAT) signaling regulates neonatal pancreatic development in mouse and human islets. Inactivation of calcineurin b1 (Cnb1) in mouse islets impaired dense core granule biogenesis, decreased insulin secretion, and reduced cell proliferation and mass, culminating in lethal diabetes. Pancreatic β cells lacking Cnb1 failed to express genes revealed to be direct NFAT targets required for replication, insulin storage, and secretion. In contrast, glucokinase activation stimulated Cn-dependent expression of these genes. Calcineurin inhibitors, such as tacrolimus, used for human immunosuppression, induce diabetes. Tacrolimus exposure reduced Cn/NFAT-dependent expression of factors essential for insulin dense core granule formation and secretion and neonatal β cell proliferation, consistent with our genetic studies. Discovery of conserved pathways regulating β cell maturation and proliferation suggests new strategies for controlling β cell growth or replacement in human islet diseases.
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