CUPULAR STRUCTURE AND ITS RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP
CUPULAR STRUCTURE AND ITS RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP
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DOI：
10.1159/000124302
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发表时间：
1974-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
HILLMAN, DE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HILLMAN, DE
壶腹的一般形状与其产生的感受器区域一致。在蛙的垂直管道中，嵴具有整体哑铃形;壶腹具有相应的扩大的质量，从扩大的受体端突出，而中心部分，约三分之一厚，完成隔膜。水平管嵴有一个单一的扩大的结束（俱乐部状），因此有一个单一的杯状质量延伸沿着一侧壶腹的顶点。较薄的部分延伸到相对的壶腹壁。在垂直管中，增大的肿块在顶点之前结束，使得较薄的中心到达顶点。壶腹形成一个紧密的隔膜，横跨壶腹，壶腹在中心最容易移位。嵴的中心区用于将毛细胞定位在壶腹中心距离的三分之一处，而嵴的末端相对于隔膜位于更外围的位置。对振动位移的分级响应结果。顶帽的顶端最易脱离，但不容易初始移位。该区域可以用作减压阀，使得一旦隔膜的位移对于吸盘的基部达到其最大值，顶端就被移位并最终分离。这种机制是为了防止受体结构及其杯状关系受损。杯状结构由两种成分组成：丝状物质（蛋白质）和无定形物质（粘多糖）。该蛋白与支持细胞和动纤毛的远端有关。这种粘多糖由包围受体区的立方细胞分泌，可作为结合物质。从鞍形受体表面，由3或4排短静纤毛组成的纤毛丛伸入管腔，其中一排5或6个突起继续穿过杯下空间（60-70 µm），并伴有单个动纤毛。动纤毛延续到吸盘的丝状和粘多糖基质中，以在受体细胞和吸盘之间形成连接。在动纤毛和相邻的静纤毛之间发现了散在的结合丝，这些结合丝与球囊和椭圆囊中描述的结合丝相似。
The general shape of the cupula conformsto the receptor area from which it arises. In the vertical canals of the frog, the cristae have an overall dumbbell shape; the cupula has corresponding enlarged masses which project from the expanded receptor ends while the central portion, which is about one third as thick, completes the diaphragm. The horizontal canal crista has a single enlarged end (club shaped) and consequently has a single cupular mass extending along one side of the ampulla up to the apex. A thinner portion extends to the opposite ampullar wall. In the vertical canals the enlarged masses end before the summit such that the thinner center reaches the apex.The cupula forms a tight diaphragm across the ampulla which is most easily displaced at the center. The central zone of the crista serves to position hair cells about one third the distance to the center of the ampulla while the ends of the crista are more peripherally located in relation to the diaphragm. A graded response to diaphragmatic displacement results. The apex of the cupula is most labile to detachment but not initial displacement. This region can act as a relief valve such that once displacement of the diaphragm has reached its maximum for the base of the cupula, the apical end is displaced and ultimately detached. This mechanism serves to prevent damage to the receptor structure and its cupular relationship.The cupula is composed of two components: filamentous material (protein) and an amorphous substance (mucopolysaccharide). The protein is related to supporting cells and the distal end of the kinocilium. The mucopolysaccharide is secreted from cuboidal cells which surround the receptor area and may serve as a binding substance.From the saddle-shaped receptor surface ciliary tufts consisting of 3 or 4 rows of short stereocilia project into the lumen and a single row of 5 or 6 of these processes continues across the subcupular space (60–70 µm) accompanied by a single kinocilium. The kinocilium continues into the filamentous and mucopolysaccharide matrix of the cupula to form a linkage between the receptor cells and the cupula. Scattered binding filaments are found between the kinocilium and adjacent stereocilia which are similar to those described in the saccule and utricle.