Inferring the anthropogenic NOx emission trend over the United States during 2003-2017 from satellite observations: was there a flattening of the emission trend after the Great Recession?
Inferring the anthropogenic NOx emission trend over the United States during 2003-2017 from satellite observations: was there a flattening of the emission trend after the Great Recession?
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DOI：
10.5194/acp-19-15339-2019
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发表时间：
2019-12-17
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Wang, Yuhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Jianfeng;Wang, Yuhang
我们说明了人为氮氧化物排放，NO2对流层垂直柱密度（TVCDs），NO2表面浓度之间的非线性关系，使用模型模拟2011年7月在美国本土（CONUS）。NO2表面浓度和TVCDs的变化基本一致，并很好地反映了高人为NOx排放区域的人为NOx排放变化。对于低人为氮氧化物排放区域，然而，由于闪电和土壤，化学和物理过程中的排放，非线性的温室气体排放TVCD的关系，使得很难使用卫星观测来推断人为氮氧化物排放的变化。分析时间延长至2003-2017年。NO2地面测量和重合的卫星NO2 TVCDs在城市地区的类似的变化形成鲜明对比，在农村地区的地面和卫星观测之间的大的变化差异。通过对CONUS城市地区的地面和卫星测量，我们发现2011年后人为NOx排放量持续下降，但下降率比2011年前低9%-46%。
We illustrate the nonlinear relationships among anthropogenic NOx emissions, NO2 tropospheric vertical column densities (TVCDs), and NO2 surface concentrations using model simulations for July 2011 over the contiguous United States (CONUS). The variations in NO2 surface concentrations and TVCDs are generally consistent and reflect anthropogenic NOx emission variations for high anthropogenic NOx emission regions well. For low anthropogenic NOx emission regions, however, nonlinearity in the anthropogenic-emission-TVCD relationship due to emissions from lightning and soils, chemistry, and physical processes makes it difficult to use satellite observations to infer anthropogenic NOx emission changes. The analysis is extended to 2003-2017. Similar variations in NO2 surface measurements and coincident satellite NO2 TVCDs over urban regions are in sharp contrast to the large variation differences between surface and satellite observations over rural regions. We find a continuous decrease in anthropogenic NOx emissions after 2011 by examining surface and satellite measurements in CONUS urban regions, but the decreasing rate is lower by 9 %-46 % than the pre-2011 period.