Changes in spore chemistry and appearance with increasing maturity
Changes in spore chemistry and appearance with increasing maturity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.11.001
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Self, Stephen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fraser, Wesley T.;Watson, Jonathan S.;Self, Stephen
孢粉素是存在于花粉和孢子壁中的主要生物聚合物；在成熟过程中，孢粉素经历了许多离散的化学变化，尽管保持了可用于孢粉学研究的可识别的形态特征。在这里，我们报告了用石蒜（Lycopodium clavatum）孢子进行的加热实验的结果，该实验旨在研究在广泛的温度范围内（0-350℃）孢子粉列宁内发生的变化，以模拟不同程度的成熟。利用傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）显微光谱技术评估孢粉素功能的变化。我们的分析表明，孢子粉的化学结构在模拟成熟条件的大范围内保持相对稳定，直到达到250-300摄氏度的阈值，此时化学结构开始重组。将这些人工成熟的孢子与英国石炭纪剖面的化石材料进行比较，发现它们具有很强的化学相似性，这表明我们的实验方法准确地反映了孢子花粉的成熟过程，并为了解孢粉在地圈中的化学稳定性提供了新的思路。(C) 2013 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Sporopollenin is the primary biopolymer found in the walls of pollen and spores; during maturation sporopollenin undergoes a number of discrete chemical changes, despite maintaining identifiable morphological features which can be exploited for palynological study. Here we report the results of heating experiments performed using Lycopodium clavatum spores designed to investigate the changes that occur within sporopollenin across a wide range of temperatures (0-350 degrees C) to simulate different degrees of maturation. Changes in sporopollenin functionality were assessed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy. Our analyses show that the chemical structure of sporopollenin remains relatively stable over a wide range of simulated maturation conditions, until a threshold of 250-300 degrees C is reached, at which point a reorganisation of chemical structure begins. Comparison of these artificially matured spores with fossil material obtained from a Carboniferous-age section in the United Kingdom shows a strong chemical resemblance, suggesting that our experimental procedure accurately reflects the process of maturation and provides an insight into the chemical stability of sporopollenin in the geosphere. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.