NEURAL CREST CELL GALVANOTAXIS - NEW DATA AND A NOVEL-APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF BOTH GALVANOTAXIS AND CHEMOTAXIS
NEURAL CREST CELL GALVANOTAXIS - NEW DATA AND A NOVEL-APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF BOTH GALVANOTAXIS AND CHEMOTAXIS
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DOI：
10.1002/cm.970190207
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发表时间：
1991-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
NUCCITELLI, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GRULER, H;NUCCITELLI, R
用延时视频显微镜观察了从56小时鹌鹑胚胎神经管中迁移出来的神经嵴细胞的趋电反应。这些细胞表现出约7 μ m/min的径迹速度，并主动向施加的DC电场的负极移位。这种非随机迁移可以检测到低至7 mV/mm（0.4 mV/细胞长度）的字段。我们发现，这种定向迁移是独立的迁移的速度，并产生了一个相当简单的数学方程，适合这些数据。我们发现，在一个给定的角度，位移的细胞数量，相对于场是由方程N（PHI）= exp（a0 + a1 cos-PHI），其中a1是线性正比于电场强度小于390 mV/mm的比例常数等于K（G），趋电常数。我们表明，K（G）=（150 mV/mm）-1，在此场强下，细胞响应约为最大值的一半。这种细胞易位数据分析方法可推广到其他定向运动，如趋化性，并允许直接比较不同类型的定向运动。该分析要求报告每个细胞的响应，而不是细胞响应的平均值。一旦推导出N（PHI）的方程，就可以确定细胞反应的几个特征。具体来说，我们描述1）临界场强（390 mV/mm），低于该值时，细胞响应表现出对场强的简单线性依赖性（对于较大的场强，可以使用抑制常数来拟合数据，表明较大的场强影响抑制第一个细胞靶的第二个细胞靶）;以及2）为了在移位分布中产生观察到的不对称性，细胞必须获得的信息量（对于100 mV/mm的场强，需要0.3比特的信息）。
The galvanotaxis response of neural crest cells that had migrated out of the neural tube of a 56-hr-old quail embryo onto glass coverslips was observed using timelapse video microscopy. These cells exhibit a track velocity of about 7-mu-m/min and actively translocate toward the negative pole of an imposed DC electric field. This nonrandom migration could be detected for fields as low as 7 mV/mm (0.4 mV/cell length). We find that this directional migration is independent of the speed of migration and have generated a rather simple mathematical equation that fits these data. We find that the number of cells that translocate at a given angle, PHI, with respect to the field is given by the equation N(PHI) = exp(a0 + a1cos-PHI), where a1 is linearly proportional to the electric field strength for fields less than 390 mV/mm with a constant of proportionality equal to K(G), the galvanotaxis constant. We show that K(G) = (150 mV/mm)-1, and at this field strength the cellular response is approximately half maximal. This approach to cellular translocation data analysis is generalizable to other directed movements such as chemotaxis and allows the direct comparison of different types of directed movements. This analysis requires that the response of every cell, rather than averages of cellular responses, is reported. Once an equation for N(PHI) is derived, several characteristics of the cellular response can be determined. Specifically, we describe 1) the critical field strength (390 mV/mm) below which the cellular response exhibits a simple, linear dependence on field strength (for larger field strengths, an inhibitory constant can be used to fit the data, suggesting that larger field strengths influence a second cellular target that inhibits the first); and 2) the amount of information the cell must obtain in order to generate the observed asymmetry in the translocation distribution (for a field strength of 100 mV/mm, 0.3 bits of information is required).