Overexploitation and More Than a Decade of Failed Management Leads to No Recovery of the Galápagos Sea Cucumber Fishery
Overexploitation and More Than a Decade of Failed Management Leads to No Recovery of the Galápagos Sea Cucumber Fishery
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2020.554314
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发表时间：
2020-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Ramírez-González;Nicolas Moity;Solange Andrade-Vera;H. Reyes
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. Ramírez-González;Nicolas Moity;Solange Andrade-Vera;H. Reyes
黑等刺参是东热带太平洋开发的最重要的海参物种。它是 2000 年代初期加拉帕戈斯群岛最重要的渔业，直到过度捕捞导致其崩溃，并制定了为期 5 年的全面禁渔期（2016 年至 2021 年）以试图恢复它。加拉帕戈斯群岛的黑斑 I. fuscus 管理一直将种群密度作为决策指标。本研究的目的是使用包含协变量方法的库存生产模型来审查密度作为 I. fuscus 种群状况的指标。首次对黑斑 I. fuscus 的种群和捕捞参数（K、r 和 q）、参考点（MSY、BMSY、FMSY 和 DMSY）以及指标（B/BMSY 和 F/FMSY）进行了估计。结果表明，十多年来，管理措施并没有阻止该物种的过度开发。加拉帕戈斯群岛黑斑鱼管理计划的目标，即在非捕捞情景下恢复渔业，到2030年将无法实现。为实现其恢复，提出了六项建议，包括延长全面禁渔期以及将现行管理指标改为B/BMSY和F/FMSY。这项研究证明，缺乏科学依据的管理措施可能会对自然资源产生普遍影响。
Isostichopus fuscus is the most important sea cucumber species exploited in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. It was the most important fishery in the Galápagos in the early 2000s until overfishing led to its collapse and a 5-year total fishing ban was established (2016–2021) to try to recover it. The management of I. fuscus in the Galápagos has always considered the population density as an indicator for decision-making. The objective of this study is to review the density as an indicator of the population status of I. fuscus using a stock-production model incorporating covariates methodology. For the first time, population and fishing parameters (K, r, and q), reference points (MSY, BMSY, FMSY, and DMSY) and indicators (B/BMSY and F/FMSY) were estimated for I. fuscus. The results indicate that the management measures have not prevented the overexploitation of this species for more than a decade. The goal of the I. fuscus management plan in the Galápagos, i.e., the recovering the fishery in a non-fishing scenario, will not be met by 2030. To accomplish its recovery six recommendations are proposed, including to extend the total ban of the fishery and to change the current management indicators to B/BMSY and F/FMSY. This study evidences that management measures taken with little scientific basis can have a pervasive effect on natural resources.