Predicting muscle activation patterns from motion and anatomy: modelling the skull of Sphenodon (Diapsida: Rhynchocephalia)
Predicting muscle activation patterns from motion and anatomy: modelling the skull of Sphenodon (Diapsida: Rhynchocephalia)
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DOI：
10.1098/rsif.2009.0139
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发表时间：
2010-01-06
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Fagan, Michael J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Curtis, Neil;Jones, Marc E. H.;Fagan, Michael J.
头骨形状与进食过程中产生的力之间的关系目前受到广泛关注，并且越来越多地涉及有限元分析等计算机模拟的使用。用于表示头骨的计算机模型通常基于计算机断层扫描数据，因此在结构上是准确的；然而，在食物减少期间正确表示肌肉负荷仍然是一个主要问题。在这里，我们提出了一种新方法，用于根据已知的解剖方向（作用线）来预测肌肉和肌肉群的力和激活模式。这项工作是利用复杂的计算机模型和多体动力学分析，针对类蜥蜴爬行动物 Sphenodon（Rhynchocephalia）进行的。该模型表明，特定的肌肉群控制特定的运动，并且在咬合周期的某些时间内，一些肌肉高度活跃，而其他肌肉则不活跃。肌肉活动的预测与之前使用肌电图记录的活体蝶齿鲨的数据密切相关。明显的异常可以通过食物阻力、食物大小、食物位置和下颌运动的变化来解释。这种方法在推进食物获取和减少的详细功能模型方面显示出相当大的前景，并可用于无法通过实验测定肌肉活动的其他肌肉骨骼系统，例如稀有、濒危或灭绝的物种。
The relationship between skull shape and the forces generated during feeding is currently under widespread scrutiny and increasingly involves the use of computer simulations such as finite element analysis. The computer models used to represent skulls are often based on computed tomography data and thus are structurally accurate; however, correctly representing muscular loading during food reduction remains a major problem. Here, we present a novel approach for predicting the forces and activation patterns of muscles and muscle groups based on their known anatomical orientation (line of action). The work was carried out for the lizard-like reptile Sphenodon (Rhynchocephalia) using a sophisticated computer-based model and multi-body dynamics analysis. The model suggests that specific muscle groups control specific motions, and that during certain times in the bite cycle some muscles are highly active whereas others are inactive. The predictions of muscle activity closely correspond to data previously recorded from live Sphenodon using electromyography. Apparent exceptions can be explained by variations in food resistance, food size, food position and lower jaw motions. This approach shows considerable promise in advancing detailed functional models of food acquisition and reduction, and for use in other musculoskeletal systems where no experimental determination of muscle activity is possible, such as in rare, endangered or extinct species.