Physical activity levels among the general US adult population and in adults with and without arthritis
Physical activity levels among the general US adult population and in adults with and without arthritis
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DOI：
10.1002/art.10911
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发表时间：
2003-02-15
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sniezek, JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hootman, JM;Macera, CA;Sniezek, JE
定期体力活动（PA）对健康的影响已得到充分证实，包括降低与心血管疾病、糖尿病和癌症等几种常见慢性疾病相关的死亡率和发病率，以及有助于改善心理健康、身体功能和体重控制（1-3）。尽管如此，美国成年人继续获得不足的PA（4）。事实上，缺乏身体活动被认为是一个巨大的公共健康问题，以至于1996年美国卫生部长发布了具有里程碑意义的报告《身体活动与健康：卫生部长报告》。这份报告以及疾病控制和预防中心和美国运动医学学院（CDCACSM）早期的联合报告建议所有美国成年人参加定期，中等强度，休闲时间的PA（2）。CDC-ACSM的建议特别指出：“每个美国成年人都应该在一周中的大多数日子，最好是所有日子，积累30分钟或更多的中等强度活动。表1总结了这些和其他（5）公共卫生建议以及发展和维持心肺适能指南的详细信息。监测国家PA水平对于确定缺乏身体活动的程度和趋势、评估国家健康目标以及确定干预措施应针对的亚人群非常重要（6）。已知存在缺乏身体活动风险的人群包括女性、少数民族/种族、老年人、残疾人、超重/肥胖者和慢性疾病患者，包括心血管疾病、糖尿病和关节炎（2、3、6、7）。美国关节炎的高患病率（4300万）使关节炎患者成为PA改善目标人群的很大一部分（8）。参与PA可以延迟功能限制的发作（9，10），预防肥胖（11），并且对正常的关节健康至关重要（12，13）。此外，PA已被证明可以减少关节炎患者的疼痛和残疾，并提高他们的身体表现和自我效能（14，15）。然而，关节炎患者往往抵制PA信息，因为活动可能最初会增加疼痛，或者因为他们被告知，不适当地，不要进行体力活动。本研究的目的是1）描述用于关节炎患者PA监测和特殊研究的数据来源，2）比较3个国家健康调查之间的体力活动水平，3）使用行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）的数据报告美国普通成年人群以及有和无自报关节炎的成年人中PA水平的患病率，以及4）确定未来关于体力活动和关节炎的研究领域。
The health effects of regular physical activity (PA) are well established and include decreased mortality and morbidity related to several common chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer, as well as contributing to improved mental health, physical functioning, and weight control (1–3). Despite this, US adults continue to get inadequate PA (4). In fact, physical inactivity was felt to be such a large public health problem that in 1996 the US Surgeon General released the landmark report Physical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General (3). This report, as well as an earlier joint report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine (CDCACSM) recommend all US adults participate in regular, moderate-intensity, leisure-time PA (2). The CDC-ACSM recommendation specifically states “Every US adult should accumulate 30 minutes or more of moderate intensity activity on most, preferably all, days of the week.” Details of these and other (5) public health recommendations and guidelines for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory fitness are summarized in Table 1. Monitoring national PA levels is important to define the extent of and to identify trends in physical inactivity, evaluate national health objectives, and to identify subpopulations where interventions should be targeted (6). Populations known to be at risk for physical inactivity include women, ethnic/racial minorities, older persons, disabled persons, overweight/obese persons, and persons with chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and arthritis (2, 3, 6, 7). The high prevalence of arthritis in the US (43 million) makes persons with arthritis a large part of the population targeted for PA improvements (8). Participation in PA delays the onset of functional limitation (9, 10), prevents obesity (11), and is essential for normal joint health (12, 13). In addition, PA has been shown to reduce pain and disability among persons with arthritis and increase their physical performance and self efficacy (14, 15). Yet, persons with arthritis often resist PA messages because activity may initially increase pain or because they were told, inappropriately, not to be physically active.The purposes of this study are to 1) describe the sources of data used for surveillance and special studies of PA among persons with arthritis, 2) compare levels of physical inactivity between 3 national health surveys, 3) report the prevalence of PA levels among the general US adult population and among adults with and without self-reported arthritis using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), and 4) identify areas for future research regarding physical activity and arthritis.