Impermanence and failure: the legacy of conservation-based payments in Sumatra, Indonesia
Impermanence and failure: the legacy of conservation-based payments in Sumatra, Indonesia
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/ac6437
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发表时间：
2022-05-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Erbaugh, James T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Erbaugh, James T.
向社区或个人支付保护自然区域的费用的项目很少会无限期地持续下去。当付款停止时，他们所激励的行为可能会发生变化。以前的研究保护为基础的支付承认保护成功的无常，但它没有考虑的遗产支付未能影响变化。本研究通过调查印度尼西亚最大的综合保护和发展项目之一的村级保护付款的遗产，评估了无常和失败。Kerinci-Seblat综合养护和发展项目旨在通过自愿养护协定养护森林面积和促进地方发展，自愿养护协定为2000年至2003年支持养护的认捐和活动提供付款。项目文件和以前的研究发现，付款未能激励更多的森林保护，在项目期间森林覆盖变化产生不显着的差异。为了研究这些付款在项目后时期的遗留问题，本研究使用匹配的差异中的差异和三重差异模型来分析2000年至2016年村庄（n = 263）的森林覆盖变化，以及匹配的二元逻辑回归模型来评估2016年VCA村庄内家庭（n = 1303）生计策略的持久差异。分析发现，VCA村庄的森林损失明显多于国家公园以外最相似的非VCA村庄，更大的付款预测项目后时期的森林损失增加。此外，种植高价值的树木作物和耕种私人土地是随机选择的家庭中建立VCA联系模型的最重要的属性。这些结果表明，在付款停止后，项目失败的严重程度随着时间的推移而增加。那些设计和实施基于保护的付款承担着巨大的责任，以确保他们的项目是由当地的声音，符合社区的喜好，并提供足够的好处，以免他们导致增加失败的保护遗产。
Projects that pay communities or individuals to conserve natural areas rarely continue indefinitely. When payments cease, the behaviors they motivate can change. Previous research on conservation-based payments recognizes the impermanence of conservation success, but it does not consider the legacy of payments that failed to effect change. This research assesses impermanence and failure by investigating the legacy of village-level conservation payments made through one of the largest Integrated Conservation and Development Projects in Indonesia. The Kerinci-Seblat Integrated Conservation and Development Project aimed to conserve forest area and promote local development through voluntary conservation agreements (VCAs) that provided payments for pro-conservation pledges and activities from 2000 through 2003. Project documentation and previous research find that payments failed to incentivize additional forest conservation, producing nonsignificant differences in forest-cover change during the project period. To examine the legacy of these payments in the post-project period, this research uses matched difference-in-differences and triple differences models to analyze forest cover change in villages (n = 263) from 2000 through 2016 as well as matched binary logistic regression models to assess enduring differences in household (n = 1303) livelihood strategies within VCA villages in 2016. The analysis finds that VCA villages contained significantly more forest loss than the most similar non-VCA villages outside the national park, and greater payments predict increased forest loss in the post-project period. In addition, farming high-value tree crops and cultivating private land were the most important attributes for modeling VCA affiliation among randomly selected households. These results demonstrate that, after payments ceased, project failures increased in severity over time.Those who design and implement conservation-based payments bear great responsibility to ensure their projects are informed by local voice, align with community preferences, and provide sufficient benefits, lest they result in a conservation legacy of increased failure.