Altered expression of immune defense genes in pilocytic astrocytomas
Altered expression of immune defense genes in pilocytic astrocytomas
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DOI:
10.1097/01.jnen.0000183345.19447.8e
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发表时间:
2005-10-01
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Ohgaki, H
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Huang, H;Hara, A;Ohgaki, H
Pilocytic astrocytoma (WHO grade 1) is a circumscribed, slowly growing, benign astrocytoma that most frequently develops in the cerebellar hemispheres and in midline structures and occurs predominantly in childhood and adolescence. In contrast to diffusely infiltrating gliomas in adults (e.g. grade 11 astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas), survival of patients with pilocytic astrocytoma is excellent after surgical intervention. To search for potential molecular mechanisms underlying its benign biologic behavior, we compared gene expression profiles of pilocytic astrocytomas (8 cases) with those of normal cerebellum (4 cases), low-grade astrocytomas (WHO grade 11; 15 cases), and oligodendrogliomas (WHO grade 11; 17 cases) by cDNA array analysis. A number of immune system-related genes such as HLA-DR alpha, HLA-DPB 1, HLA-DQB1, IgG3, IgGK, FCER1G, A2M, FCRN, 1FI-56K, and DAP12 were upregulated in pilocytic astrocytomas relative to normal cerebellum, grade 11 astrocytomas, and oligodendrogliomas. Genes expressed at higher levels in pilocytic astrocytomas than in grade 11 astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas include HLA-DR alpha, HLA-DPA1 HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, A2M, TIMP1, TIMP2, CDKN1A, and SOCS3 and those expressed at lower levels include EGFR and PDGFRA. Hierarchical clustering analysis using the entire set of 1176 genes distinguished pilocytic astrocytomas from grade 11 astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. Clustering analysis using selected subgroups of genes based on their molecular functions revealed that immune system-related genes (75 genes) or cell adhesion, migration, and angiogenesis-related genes (69 genes) showed similar power to the entire gene set for separation of pilocytic astrocytomas from diffusely infiltrating low-grade gliomas. Immunohistochemistry revealed that HLA-DRa is expressed diffusely in neoplastic cells in pilocytic astrocytomas, whereas in oligodendrogliomas, expression was limited to scattered reactive astrocytes. These results suggest that gene expression profiles of pilocytic astrocytomas differ significantly from those of diffusely infiltrating low-grade gliomas and that their benign biologic behavior may be related to upregulation of immune defense-associated genes.