Scab formation and wound healing of plant tissue by soldier aphid
Scab formation and wound healing of plant tissue by soldier aphid
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2008.1628
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发表时间：
2009-05-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Fukatsu, Takema
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kutsukake, Mayako;Shibao, Harunobu;Fukatsu, Takema
在群居蚜虫中，人们已经知道了一种独特的修复胆道的行为：当胆道上出现一个洞时，许多士兵若虫会将体液排出在裂口上，这些裂口会迅速凝固并堵塞这个洞。在这里，我们通过实验研究了修复后的胆囊及其居民的后续命运。不论是士兵若虫自然修复还是人工黏合剂修复，修复后的胆囊存活率明显高于未修复的胆囊。在修复后的一个月内，洞周围的植物组织增生并封闭了洞。许多兵蚁若虫被定位在孔洞区，用杀虫剂消灭寄生蚜虫使胆再生流产，说明胆再生需要寄生蚜虫，兵蚁若虫可能在其中起主要作用。这项研究提供了一个前所未有的痂形成和伤口愈合的案例，它发生在动物-植物界面：昆虫体液产生的痂迅速堵塞受损的植物组织，随后昆虫积极刺激植物组织的再生，从而受损的植物组织恢复。我们认为，这种新系统可能是通过增强和招募原有的血淋巴凝血和胆汁形成能力而在蚜虫谱系中进化而来的。
In the social aphid Nipponaphis monzeni, a unique gall-repairing behaviour has been known: when a hole is made on the gall, many soldier nymphs discharge body fluid on the breach, which promptly solidifies and plugs the hole. Here, we experimentally investigated the subsequent fate of repaired galls and their inhabitants. Irrespective of natural repair by soldier nymphs or artificial repair with adhesive, repaired galls survived significantly better than non-repaired galls. Within a month after repair, the plant tissue around the hole proliferated and sealed up the hole. Many soldier nymphs were localized at the hole area and extermination of inhabiting aphids by insecticides aborted the gall regeneration, indicating that the gall regeneration requires inhabiting aphids, wherein soldier nymphs are likely to play a major role. This study provides an unprecedented case of scab formation and wound healing, which occurs at an animal-plant interface: scab derived from insect body fluid promptly plugs damaged plant tissue and subsequently the insects actively stimulate regeneration of the plant tissue, whereby the compromised plant tissue recovers. We suggest that the novel system may have evolved in the aphid lineage through enhancement and recruitment of the pre-existing capabilities of haemolymph coagulation and gall formation.