Dysregulation of microRNA biogenesis machinery in cancer.
Dysregulation of microRNA biogenesis machinery in cancer.
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DOI：
10.3109/10409238.2015.1117054
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发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Kashima R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hata A;Kashima R
microRNAs（miRNAs）是基因调控网络的重要组成部分。单个miRNA能够控制数百种蛋白质编码基因的表达并调节广泛的生物学功能，例如增殖、分化、应激反应、DNA修复、细胞粘附、运动、炎症、细胞存活、衰老和凋亡，所有这些都是肿瘤发生的基础。致癌miRNA（“癌-miR”）的过表达、基因扩增和功能获得突变以及肿瘤抑制miRNA（“抑制-miR”）的基因缺失和功能丧失突变与人类癌症相关。除了特定的癌-miR或抑制-miR的失调之外，由缺陷的miRNA生物发生途径引起的总体miRNA水平的变化在肿瘤发生中起作用。个别癌-miR和抑制-miR及其靶基因在癌症中的功能已在别处的许多不同文章中描述。在这篇综述中，我们主要集中在最近的发展有关的miRNA生物合成途径的失调及其对癌症的贡献。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are integral to the gene regulatory network. A single miRNA is capable of controlling the expression of hundreds of protein coding genes and modulate a wide spectrum of biological functions, such as proliferation, differentiation, stress responses, DNA repair, cell adhesion, motility, inflammation, cell survival, senescence and apoptosis, all of which are fundamental to tumorigenesis. Overexpression, genetic amplification and gain-of-function mutation of oncogenic miRNAs (“onco-miRs”) as well as genetic deletion and loss-of-function mutation of tumor suppressor miRNAs (“suppressor-miRs”) are linked to human cancer. In addition to the dysregulation of a specific onco-miR or suppressor-miRs, changes in global miRNA levels resulting from a defective miRNA biogenesis pathway play a role in tumorigenesis. The function of individual onco-miRs and suppressor-miRs and their target genes in cancer has been described in many different articles elsewhere. In this review we primarily focus on the recent development regarding the dysregulation of the miRNA biogenesis pathway and its contribution to cancer.